A fast and secure browser that's designed for Windows 10 Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection (Windows Defender ATP) is a post-breach solution that alerts security operations (SecOps) personnel about hostile activity. As the nature of attacks evolve, Windows Defender ATP must advance so that it continues to help SecOps personnel uncover and address the attacks. With increasing security investments from Microsoft—read how Windows 10 continues to raise the bar against a spectrum of attacks—and other vendors, the cost and complexity of delivering successful exploits has swelled. For example, the trend towards virtualization-based security is forcing attacks to incorporate at least two exploits: one to compromise the sandboxed application and another to break out of the sandbox. We are now seeing exploit developers charge as high as hundreds of thousands of dollars for remote code execution and kernel exploits, pricing out some attackers from the market. Unfortunately, advanced and apex attackers (see Figure 1) can still afford to develop or purchase zero-day exploits. To protect their investments, these attackers put more emphasis in evading detection. They rely heavily on in-memory attacks and kernel privilege escalation to avoid touching the disk and remain extremely stealthy. Figure 1. Attacker proficiency and associated techniques This blog post kicks off a three-part series showcasing the investments made by Microsoft to enhance instrumentation and detection of in-memory techniques. The series covers detection improvements for cross-process code injection, kernel escalation and tampering, and in-memory exploitation. In this first post, we focus on cross-process injection and illustrate how enhancements that will be available in the Creators Update for Windows Defender ATP detect a broad set of attack activity: from commodity malware that attempt to hide from plain view to sophisticated activity groups that engage in targeted attacks. Read these related blog posts: Detecting reflective DLL loading with Windows Defender ATP, Detecting stealthier cross-process injection techniques with Windows Defender ATP: Process hollowing and atom bombing. Cross-process injection can be used to provide an attacker more visibility into normal processes. For example, injected code can record keystrokes sent to an affected process. At the same time, this method hides malicious code and enables process migration, which can be used for organizational persistence. Cross-process injection is inherently stealthy because it conceals malicious code inside benign processes. Even when a process has been injected with malicious code, its loaded images (the executable and library files associated with the process) continue to point to legitimate files on disk as shown in Figure 2. This shows a clear advantage over running malicious code in its own process space, which necessitates that the code reside on disk as an image file that is subject to inspection by antimalware and is easily recovered as forensic evidence. Figure 2. Loaded images of rundll32.exe appear normal even when injected with malware code By enabling process migration, cross-process injection allows attacks to stay active. In a drive-by-download attack, for instance, an attacker can gain control of the browser process and disable its sandbox. To execute malicious code beyond the lifecycle of the browser, which may terminate at any time, the attacker migrates the malicious code to a long-lived process, such as winlogon.exe, using cross-process injection. The risk of a user powering down the machine and erasing the malware remains, but an apex attacker overcomes this by staying active on multiple devices on the enterprise network. If one device is indeed restarted and the malicious code erased, the attacker can easily move laterally back to that device. Cross-process injection is basically a two-fold process. First, malicious code is placed into a new or existing executable page within a remote process. Attackers typically use the Win32 APIs VirtualAllocEx and CreateFileMapping/MapViewOfSection to allocate new executable pages. They then use VirtualProtectEx to turn existing pages into executable and writeable pages. Next, the injected malicious code is executed through control of the thread and execution context. In many notable cases, attackers use the API CreateRemoteThread to create a new thread in a remote process. They then use APIs SetThreadContext and QueueUserAPC to redirect the existing thread to an arbitrary address. While there are legitimate uses for the aforementioned APIs—they are used for debugging, diagnostics, management, and security—particular combinations of process names and execution behaviors often indicate malicious activity. For the technically inclined, techniques such as process hollowing (described by Tan Chew Keong in his paper “Dynamic Forking of Win32 EXE”) and AtomBombing are good examples of these malicious combinations. In Creators Update for Windows Defender ATP, we have instrumented related function calls and built statistical models to detect a broad range of malicious injection techniques used in the wild. To determine how these enhancements effectively uncover hostile activities that leverage cross-process injection, we tested the enhancements against the following real-world cases: a targeted attack, a remote access tool (RAT), and cryptocurrency mining malware. GOLD is an activity group that primarily seeks out intellectual property and other valuable digital assets. This activity group has an interesting way of obtaining a foothold in enterprise networks. Instead of actively pursuing targets through spear-phishing, GOLD uses established distribution sites for license-key generators (keygens) to infect a wide array of victims—all users who download and execute keygens from the distribution sites. The group then assesses each of the victims and aggressively pursues those in certain industries. As a user launches a keygen package downloaded from the website operated by GOLD, the package drops two executables: the actual keygen and the Gatak malware implant. Gatak proceeds to inject itself into one of the many legitimate system processes using the CreateRemoteThread API. The sample we tested launches the rundll32.exe process, allocates memory in the process, writes malicious code to that location, and executes the malicious code using CreateRemoteThread calls. Upon successful injection, Gatak removes itself from disk, going fileless. Meanwhile, code injected in the rundll32.exe process communicates with command-and-control (C&C) servers, giving GOLD attackers control over the infected device. With Creators Update, Windows Defender ATP will uncover breaches involving Gatak by detecting its cross-process injection technique, among other detection mechanisms it can use. Figure 3 shows the alert on the Windows Defender ATP Creators Update portal. Figure 3. Detection of Gatak malware implant injecting into rundll32.exe The second piece of malicious activity we used to test our new detections for cross-process injection is a variant of the Fynloski remote access tool (RAT). This RAT was freely available until 2012 and is still in use today in multiple attack campaigns. It provides a broad set of functionality, including capturing screenshots, exfiltrating files, and recording keystrokes. It is distributed by different vectors, including spear-phishing, downloaders, and exploit kits. Instead of using the more common CreateRemoteThread cross-process injection technique described in preceding sections, Fynloski leverages the QueueUserAPC API to hide its presence. QueueUserAPC is a function for requesting the execution of procedures asynchronously. Attackers can use QueueUserAPC to inject arbitrary code cross-process by provisioning malicious code in the target process and pointing QueueUserAPC to execute this code. With Creators Updates, Windows Defender ATP will detect these API calls and display an alert with a corresponding timeline that outlines this behavior as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4. Fynloski RAT injecting into notepad.exe Commodity malware uses cross-process injection techniques for the same reason attackers use them in targeted attacks—they want to remain hidden long enough to accomplish their objectives. In this article, we dissect the CoinMiner malware, which steals computing resources to mine cryptographic currencies such as Bitcoins. It uses SetThreadContext API for cross-process injection, copying malicious code into allocated executable memory similar to the CreateRemoteThread technique. To execute the malicious code, it first obtains a list of existing threads from the target process using CreateToolhelp32Snapshot API. It then modifies the control registers of a thread to point to the memory address of the injected malicious code using the SetThreadContext API. Our sample of CoinMiner launches notepad.exe and injects its mining code into that process. Subsequently, the affected notepad.exe process connects to the Monero Mining Pool (xmr[.]crypto-pool[.]fr) to submit mined cryptocurrency. Windows Defender ATP, as shown in Figure 5, will detect the injection technique and provide important context, such as the connection to the mining pool, to help SecOps personnel understand and address the infection. Figure 5. Event timeline view of CoinMiner infection Like other in-memory techniques, cross-process injection can evade antimalware and other security solutions that focus on inspecting files on disk. With Creators Update, Windows Defender ATP will provide SecOps personnel with additional capabilities to uncover malicious activities leveraging cross-process injection. By leveraging statistical models and analyzing large data sets in the cloud, these enhancements cover code injection techniques used in a variety of attacks, including commodity malware infections and sophisticated breaches. Windows Defender ATP also provides detailed event timelines as well as other contextual information that SecOps personnel can use to quickly understand the nature of attacks and take response actions. For more information about Windows Defender ATP, check out its features and capabilities and read about why a post-breach detection approach is a key component of any enterprise security stack. Several features planned for release with Creators Update are currently available to all users as part of the public preview. Windows Defender ATP is built into the core of Windows 10 Enterprise and can be evaluated free of charge. Detecting reflective DLL loading with Windows Defender ATP Detecting stealthier cross-process injection techniques with Windows Defender ATP: Process hollowing and atom bombing Questions, concerns, or insights on this story? Join discussions at the Microsoft community and Windows Defender Security Intelligence. Follow us on Twitter @WDSecurity and Facebook Windows Defender Security Intelligence.

Crypto for Cryptography How Justified Is the Exuberance Around Apples Developer CryptoKitthebreakingnewsheadlines 2 hours agoCryptocurrencyLeave a comment37 Views Yannick Sierra, safety engineering and structure supervisor for Apple, spread out the cryptography consultation on the 2019 Apple International Builders Convention and offered the CryptoKit with those phrases:Welcome to the bitcoin consultation! (Laughter within the room). Kidding welcome to Cryptography and Your Apps consultation!This opening quote ended up being the one connection with cryptocurrencies or blockchain all the way through all thepresentation of CryptoKit Apples newframework for app builders designed to simplify construction security-enhancing cryptographic capability. Sierras comic story was once most likely in reputation of ways eagerly the crypto group expected the development, in addition to the release of the brand new toolkit on the whole.Regardless of the heightened expectancies that many cryptocurrency lovers harbored, the presentation itself was once hardly ever a ringing announcement of Apples newfound openness to blockchain. It grew to become out to be what it was once all the time supposed to be: a hands-on rundown of the brand new developer software with use instances, implementation pointers and chunks of code at the slides. Nonetheless, what can the crypto trade make of this new free up, and does it have the rest to do with Apples stance on cryptocurrencies?Nice expectanciesWithin the electrified air of theallegedly unfolding blockchain fingers race between the sectors primary tech powerhouses, cryptocurrency aficionados are putting on each and every phrase those corporations say which may be interpreted as endorsement of blockchain generation and its packages. With the 2019 International Builders Convention underway, vigilant population of crypto Twitter noticed an unannounced addition to SF Symbols, Apples local icon set. Amongst 1,500 configurable symbols, builders can now leverage 4 other variations of the bitcoin icon:Simply spotted that Apples new icon set (SF Symbols), contains bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/Og8dWp2C85 Brandon (@brandnanthny) June 4, 2019Remember the fact that, the transfer has beeninterpreted as an example of mainstream validation, which adopted a identical symbol-icstep via Microsoft. After which, crypto media went abuzz over but every other promising construction, because it turned into recognized that Apple ispoised to offer a collection of cryptographic developer equipment.For a wishful eye, there was once little question that all of the fresh tidbits had been items of the similar puzzle: The corporate is able to embody crypto! After years of contentious relationships,marked via two events of Coinbase being dropped from App Retailer and an efficient ban on mining on Apple units, even small steps had been noticed as welcomed information.Bullish feedback on CryptoKits importance for the cryptocurrency house started to floor. Alejandro Machado, co-founder of Open Cash Initiative,informed The Block that cryptocurrency builders will capitalize at the new function that CryptoKit provides: the capability to leverage iPhones protected enclave a hardware pocket disconnected from the processor to achieve the extent of safety related to that of hardware wallets. TrustWallet founder Viktor Radchenko concurred in a extensively circulated tweet:Apple introduced CryptoKit for iOS 13, only some steps away earlier than youll flip your telephone right into a hardware pockets.https://t.co/21wPSBz0K3 Viktor Radchenko (@vikmeup) June 4, 2019Forbes Billy Bambroughsummarized the enthusiastic vibe via calling CryptoKits rollout Apples first moderately measured steps into bitcoin and crypto.Duct tape resolutionBecause it occurs, no longer everybody was once right away able to hop at the bandwagon. Blockchain developer Ronald Mannak countered the rising bullish sentiment with a sequence oftweets, deconstructing what CryptoKit is and what its not. Mannak argued that the brand new software is set cryptography, no longer cryptocurrency, and as such, it has not anything to do with Apples stance on crypto and blockchain.With some progressed capability, CryptoKit is excellent news for builders however no longer the sport changer for the wider crypto house, as compatibility of its affordances with Ethereum and different blockchains stays restricted.Blockchain video blogger Ivan Liljeqvist (Ivan on Tech) projected the similar narrative when he spent the primary short while of his freshcirculate living at the distinction between cryptography and cryptocurrency and suggesting that hodlers will have to no longer get overly serious about the entirety that has crypto in it.He contended that CryptoKit doesnt appear to be how maximum cryptocurrencies are laid out nowadays, and its no longer designed for crypto, no longer having crypto use instances in thoughts, mentioning possible problems with key retrieval and backup from the protected enclave. Alternatively, he admitted that one may nonetheless construct a cryptocurrency on CryptoKit, despite the fact that it might require a duct tape resolution.The fundamentals of what weveWhich of those two views higher displays truth? To respond to this query, having a cold-eyed take a look at CryptoKit and the context of its emergence wouldnt move amiss.Apple CryptoKit is a framework that includes the iOS 13 replace. Its constructed on best of CoreCrypto Apples local cryptographic library. In the past, iOS builders who needed to put in force cryptographic operations needed to depend at the library referred to as Commonplace Crypto, written within the language Purpose-C. As a lot of the device construction on iOS at the present time happens in a unique language, Swift, this discrepancy proved inconvenient: Not able to make use of the library at once in Swift, programmers needed to spend time on writing wrapper frameworks to use it.CryptoKit, written in Swift, looks after the problem. Its going to permit a hassle-free implementation of cryptographic operations corresponding to the use of public-key cryptography to create and overview virtual signatures, carry out key change and use generated symmetric keys to authenticate and encrypt messages. As according to Apples documentation, the brand new framework mechanically handles duties that make your app extra protected.On the Cryptography and Your Apps consultation, Apple engineers offered primary forms of potential use instances: protective knowledge on a tool, protective credentials and keys, sharing knowledge throughout units and customers, securing community connections, and verifying far flung events. Seems like a really perfect privacy-enhancing software for smartphone customers however the place are cryptocurrencies on this image?For one, there may be possible room for pockets capability, as many blockchain professionals already noticed. Sergey Bolshedvorsky, senior iOS developer with Voxpopme, defined:The brand new framework will supply easy-to-use and environment friendly choices for hashing, key era, key change and encryption for builders. These types of operations are crucial for construction cryptocurrency wallets. [] CryptoKit permits to retailer non-public keys within the protected enclave which is able to massively building up the security of those keys and make allowance for protected public-key cryptography. Present documentation means that builders is not going to have direct get admission to to personal keys, due to this fact those are going to be securely safe and saved on a tool.On the identical time, Bolshedvorsky admits, the software isnt completely minimize out for cryptocurrency-related packages past wallets, but provides a wide selection of makes use of past crypto:The present implementation of CryptoKit does no longer enhance secp2561k1 curve utilized by Ethereum and different blockchains, due to this fact it has a restricted applicability for cryptocurrency packages at the present time. Reinforce for those algorithms may also be added in long run updates, however its not transparent when it is going to occur. CryptoKit brings easy-to-use cryptography to all packages and it does no longer prohibit itself to crypto-related packages.Founder and CEO of Zerocracy, the author of cryptocurrency zold, echoes this concept however issues to a couple of CryptoKits much less evident implications for the crypto house. Yegor Bugayenko stated: Regardless of the predicted marketplace response that attached CryptoKit with blockchain and bitcoin, it has not anything to do particularly with the ones cryptocurrencies. CryptoKit will simplify knowledge encryption and decryption operations, which can be utilized in many different spaces, together with backups, protected emailing and messages, password era, and lots of others. Alternatively, natively carried out knowledge encryption algorithms will indisputably spice up the advance of cellular nodes for brand new light-weight and non-PoW cryptocurrencies, offering tens of millions of iPhone and iPad customers with cellular get admission to to microtransactions at some point.Trade responseGeneral, blockchain professionals out of doors of the developer group view CryptoKits arrival as welcomed information. Whilst some imagine it a manifestation of Apples long-anticipated flip towards crypto, others rejoice higher knowledge safety and privateness that the brand new software is predicted to result in.Dave Hodgson, director and co-founder of NEM Ventures, the undertaking capital and investments arm of the NEM blockchain ecosystem, believes that CryptoKit will upload to the momentum of mainstream adoption:The most recent transfer via Apple is additional proof that blockchain is gaining extra mainstream adoption, and it follows a identical free up via Samsung and different key avid gamers within the house. CryptoKit will permit builders to concentrate on construction a better person revel in with no need to divert assets to extremely technical spaces. An analogy could be GPS on sensible telephones permitting Uber to concentrate on its Client app. When you couple CryptoKit with the Apple Signal In announcement, a number of fascinating use instances provide themselves and we are hoping to look different distributors providing identical equipment for Android and Home windows in due time.Matt Branton, leader generation officer of a stablecoin challenge referred to as Impartial, is in large part on board with this positive view:The expanding passion in blockchain generation and cryptocurrencies amongst massive enterprises alerts wider mainstream adoption, through which conventional and rising industries will proceed to overlap. Apples plans to unveil the brand new software, CryptoKit, which is able to function in iOS 13, finds a promising project from a standard tech large to enhance rising person call for for increased safety requirements thru cryptography. This development of customers striving for increased safety requirements has prolonged to the virtual asset realm, with an increasing number of marketplace individuals challenging increased ranges of balance and reliability.Mateusz Tilewski, co-founder and CTO of blockchain community corporate Concordium Workforce, prefers to consider the brand new cryptographic developer package deal as a reaction to the desire for higher-quality cryptography in consumer-oriented apps:The vast majority of hacks may also be attributed to inaccurate cryptography design and implementations, so get admission to to high quality crypto-utilities is at once correlated to the protection of an app. As some of the greatest corporations on this planet, it isnt surprising to look Apple put in force confirmed and strong requirements of their equipment.General, whilst the groups preliminary enthusiasm with reference to CryptoKit is also quite overblown, in the end, then again, it will have to additional the cryptocurrency motions strategic goals. Even supposing its capability presently to usher a tidal wave of cellular onerous wallets stays debatable, its upon the builders to check whether or not it may well be an effective technique to transfer ahead. As well as, wider implementation of cryptographic knowledge safety answers manner no longer simply higher knowledge coverage for customers, but in addition possible collateral systemic advantages for crypto, together with however no longer restricted to the prospective upward thrust of mobile-based cryptocurrency nodes.

On the daily chart, ICXBTC shows some life as price has started to lift off of the long-term support zone of 550 satoshis to the current 740 sats. The volume has been confirming the uptrend as we can see from the upwards tilting OBV on the chart. Additionally, MA50 and MA200 have made a crossing which is indicative of a bull run.There is a clear resistance level at around 790 sats, a previous support from the end March. Twitter traders seem to think this is a good load up zone, but you should act with tight stop losses.took a little position in $ICXstop at 737 pic.twitter.com/IAJTtKpqY8$ICX #ICX looking like it's ready to start the party! pic.twitter.com/gky4lGBlaoP-Rep TestNet is opening on April 30th. The TestNet will allow P-Rep candidates to check the technical status of the nodes and simulate activities to ensure long-term stable operation of ICON Network in the future.Once theP-Rep TestNet Application Form (http://bit.ly/2UOW7Dz) is submitted, the ICON Team will review the application and provide TestNet access to successful candidates. The P-Rep TestNet will run depending on operational and technical circumstances. P-Rep stands for public representative. The ICONstitution and Governance Paper states that P-Reps “propose and vote on policies that maximize overall ICONists interest of the ICON network.”In other newsworthy events, Icon entered a partnership with SBI Savingsbank to release blockchain-based personal authentication services. They also started cooperation with UN Agency for information and communication technology and also with VELIC, a listing partner for ICX Station.You can read their official summary of Q1 on this medium post. The vision of the ICON Project is to introduce the new era of decentralization by redefining the meaning of communities and creating a new world by connecting such communities or to put it in their words: „With ICON, we now enter into a world of true hyperconnectivity“. Icon conducted an ICO in October 2017 in which half of total ICX supply was sold to the public. The total supply created is 800,460,000 ICX, with 400,230,000 sold to the public and circulating. Regarding release of the other 50% of total supply, the Icon website states: “Issuances of new ICXs will be determined through annual C-Rep consultation.” Icon was one of the most hyped projects entering last year with huge expectations pinned to the “korean Ethereum”. The whole year was marked with strong bear grip of the crypto market, squeezing out the joy, motivation but also money out of both altcoin team projects and their supporters. Icon was worth $12 at one point back in February 2018 before a prolonged nosedive took it all the way down to the current $0.24 per token. That is a 95% drop, one of the largest price losses in the whole market.The team behind the project also went through turbulence as the community lost patience with their poor communication skills and perceived lack of delivery on their promises. They did, however, react in proper manner to this dissatisfaction of their supporters by starting with regular updates on both technological and business updates around the project.There were some decent partnerships formed during the year, more on that below. As for the technical side, ICX fell short of their promises. There were a lot of delays and their roadmap of 2018 was completely ignored with most of the deliveries coming out late by 6 to 12 months.In Q3, as a rebranding strategy to maximize synergies of the interchain project, the company behind ICX changed the corporate name and CI (Corporate Image) of theloop to ICONLOOP.  The ICON Team solidified the foundation for the full expansion of the ICON ecosystem and innovation in governance with their token swap support, the release of the technology roadmaps, the release of the Yellow Paper Part 3 — ‘IISS,’ and the first teaser of the ICON P-Rep election, ICONSENSUS. They also presented a blueprint of the relationship between ICON and ICONLOOP, and released an FAQ portal, one of the meaningful steps to improve communications with the fellow ICONists. After a period of relative inactivity, ICON has once again started churning out updates and new information about their current and future endeavors. And what better way is there to teach the public about these than to release an updated roadmap.The roadmap was updated in December and is expected to bring increased transparency and ease some of the concerns the community had regarding the future of the project. This entire roadmap is divided into three sections: blockchain technology, governance and services based on ICON.Blockchain technology section describes several areas that will have work done on them:Regarding governance, ICON wants to utilize the SCORE infrastructure to perform its on-chain governance. Built-in governance SCORE, support runtime configuration, whitelist of package are just some of the features mentioned here. There are some updates about on-chain elections, IISS (feature that measures and distributes ICX incentives), as well as transaction fees.Other roadmap points include desktop/mobile ICONex wallet, an ICONest platform for ICX-based ICOs that don’t require coding, ICON blockchain tracker, a wallet app for the Ledger Nano S, SCORE updates, SDK databases for Java/Python/iOS, a decentralized identification/key management service, stablecoin solution, as well as ICX-based DEX’s and even security token offerings on ICON platform.This is a really ambitious roadmap, one that will require significant effort to complete. It’s worth noting that many of the deadlines in ICON’s previous roadmap were never completed so one wonders how true they will stay to this new one. This isn’t an issue for now as there are no clear deadlines when anything named here is supposed to be ready. This is a big red flag as it shows no accountability and readiness to bear responsibility for the promised work. Crafting solid roadmaps is easy – delivering on them is hard.The downfall of altcoins that were mainstream media darlings at the start of the year, ICX among them, can be attributed, in part, to novice investors getting scared off once the bear market kicked in with a vengeance. Every resurgence of bitcoin in recent period, was met with the, for the most part, inability of altcoins to rally with it. Reason for that can be rookie investors learning from their mistakes, while smart money that was previously watching from the sidelines has begun to enter into bitcoin. These entities weren’t about to buy BTC when it was trading at an all-time high, but they’ll take a look now, having missed the boat the first time around. None of them, it seems, are interested in altcoins however, despite the fact that many are trading at a 5x discount. Institutional investors may be cautious, but they’re not foolish. We should consider crypto valuations like educated gambling, a ‘prediction market’ where we are betting on the odds of project and token success. There are some catalysts of success we can identify:Real user traction is the most important driver of success, that is what most of holders call “adoption”. If people start using certain crypto project because they find it useful and it makes their life easier, that is a guarantee of success. So far, almost no crypto project can claim to have done so.Strong financial warchest that will enable teams behind the project to develop their visions, incentivize other developers to join them and start using their product is also a crucial aspect of any project. Tied into it is treasury management – especially for the project that had big ICO proceeds. Temptation to squander all those millions into “conferences and events” (read hard-core partying on yachts and luxury hotels) was massive, especially if we consider that majority of token projects founders were no-names and ordinary employees that worked for a paycheck before the ICO fairy-tale happened to them.Another adoption indicator – network effects, where every additional user of a good or service adds to the value of that product to others. When a network effect is present, the value of a product or service increases according to the number of others using it. If you can objectively notice that your favorite token project has some of these traits happening for it, be happy – you might have found a winner.Token success is completely dependent on tokenomics. As defined by infloat.co, tokenomics involves the incentivization of certain stakeholders to ensure particular behavior. So, tokenomics is essentially an incentive structure designed to ensure that a token has a purpose and utility within its native network. It is the study of how coins/tokens work within the broader ecosystem that can be considered as a sovereign micro-economy. This includes such things like token distribution as well as how they can be used to incentivize positive behaviour in the network.For example, bitcoin is designed to ensure that bitcoin miners have a reason to mine new bitcoin. Miners validate bitcoin transactions and receive (or create) newly minted bitcoin in the process.On the other hand, individuals, businesses and other bitcoin users pay a transaction fee for miners to include their transaction in the next block. This ensures that even when all bitcoin have been minted (to the tune of 21 million, which should happen in around 2140), bitcoin miners are still incentivized to keep ‘mining’ (i.e. validating transactions).To paraphrase all of the above in the simplest terms: if you, after weeks of research and reading, can’t figure out why the project needs to have a token, it probably doesn’t. But there are some people on Twitter, Reddit, Telegram claiming otherwise. -Yes, they are either: paid to do so by those same founders, they are desperate and delusional bad holders or they are just stroking their own ego with newly learned fancy economic terms and jargon.ICX, as the rest of the market, is tied at the hip of bitcoin’s price action. If bitcoin embarks on another bull run, ICX can hope for one as well. Since that is very unlikely, don’t expect much to change for ICX price-wise in this year. So 2019 will be a year of boring sideways action with minor bitcoin ignited jumps and slumps.The main currency in cryptocurrency markets is Bitcoin and given this, altcoins tend to fuel Bitcoin runs and Bitcoin tends to do the same in return. Given this relationship, Bitcoin price movements (or lack thereof) tend to effect altcoin prices.To summarize, Bitcoin is the focal point of the crypto market in many ways, and with BTC trading pairs on every exchange, the gravity of Bitcoin is hard to evade.The vast majority of trading that occurs in the crypto markets are between BTC and altcoin trading pairs. Since most altcoins do not pair with fiat currencies (and only a few are paired with stable coins like USTD), Bitcoin is the next best option. Therefore, when Bitcoin is stable, it forms as the ideal base currency for buying altcoins (which is why altcoins tend to do well when Bitcoin goes sideways).Correlation is measured on a scale from -1 to 1. Values above 0 shows the degree to which altcoin is moving in the same direction as BTC prices (either up or down in tandem), and values below 0 shows the degree to which altcoin moves in the opposite direction of BTC prices (so when BTC goes down, altcoin goes up, or vice versa). Values around 0 shows that when BTC price moves, altcoins stays steady, or alternatively that when altcoin moves up or down that the BTC price is staying steady. Based on the correlation analysis, BTC and ICX have a strong positive relationship. The correlation coefficient of their prices is 0.75, which was calculated based on the previous 100-days’ price dynamics of both currencies. The majority of projects will fail — some startups are created just to gather funds and disappear, some would not handle the competition, but most are just ideas that look good on paper, but in reality, are useless for the market. “There are some good ideas, there are a lot of very bad ideas, and there are a lot of very, very bad ideas, and quite a few scams as well”As a result, over 95% of successful ICOs and cryptocurrency projects will fail and their investors will lose money. The other 5% of projects will become the new Apple, Google or Alibaba in the cryptoindustry. Will ICX be among those 5%? It is more than plausible.ICX did build a solid ecosystem and the team is pushing simultaneously on both fronts: tech and business side. Between the many partnerships, some of the major ones include:Partnerships with Woori Bank and Nonghyup Bank, two of the largest banks in South Korea; with the larger healthcare blockchain consortium in South Korea; Partnerships with the larger insurance consortium in South Korea backed by the Ministry of Science; Partnerships with Samsung; Partnership with Daily Financial Group etc. There is also the benefit of coming from South Korea. One of the major benefits for Icon is that it is the biggest blockchain project coming from a very tech-savvy South Korea. It’s a nation quick to embrace technological change. You could probably pin this to Korea’s incredible economic development in the latter half of the 20th Century, when it was transformed from an impoverished country in the aftermath of the Korean War into a wealthy nation with the 12th largest economy in the world. As reported by Quartz, more than 30% of employees within South Korea have owned cryptocurrency at some point. The ICON blockchain project was started by Korean fintech startup incubator Dayli Financial Group, which also owns Coinone, one of the country’s largest crypto exchanges. While there are many competing projects looking to connect various industries and public sectors in other countries, ICON has established itself as the only real contender to dominate blockchain development in South Korea.ICX should see major gains with the Korean markets building steam and the overall crypto markets building momentum. ICON has a decentralized exchange for OTC exchanges, they were created by one of the largest financial groups in South Korea.All of this summed up means one thing: ICX might live through couple of orchestrated and, for a regular trader, completely unpredictable pumps but the majority of time will be murky sideways trading with small volume and no significant interest from the market. Price will heavily depend on what BTC will do and since many analysts think BTC will not be making big moves in this year, it is hard to expect ICX will do them either. The price will probably stagnate and record slow-moving depreciation or appreciation depending on the team activity, potential technological breakthrough or high-level partnership.With the market being completely unpredictable, forecasting the cryptocurrency price is really more of a gamble and luck rather than a data driven guesstimate.Electroneum ETN Future Looks Grim: Price Prediction for 2019Let’s throw a glance at the eminent publications and personalities, and their predictions regarding the Icon (ICX) price, which will give us another point of view to consider:CoinLiker is a crypto website which predicts that ICON might reach $3.79 by the end of 2019  which is pretty unrealistic and probably one of the most bullish (optimistic) ICX predictions we have seen as right now, that too when it is trading at less than $1. CoinLiker also predicts that in 3 years, ICX might trade at $9.59 and in 5 years, it might touch $13.62.Walletinvestor- a crypto forecast hub predicts that ICON price might reach $0.263 USD by the end of 2019, which seems pretty reasonable and conservative.Trading Beasts- a crypto news publishing forum predicts that ICON will be at a maximum at $11.86 and minimum at $9.48 by 2019 end.Price Prediction is a cryptocurrency price forecasting forum, which predicts that 2019 is going to be a much better year than 2018 for ICX as the coin’s price value will hold its value between $11 to $17.Phillip, you are an idiot whom clearly knows nothing about trading crypto. You state $0.27 is realistic price for ICX in 2019, and that the price remaining flat is likely? You realize ICON has various corporate partnerships including universities, banks, insurance, hospitals and even Government ties? There’s also two small companies Samsung and LINE involved with ICON. You’re an idiot. It’s already touched $0.27 twice in the past week! Why would BTC remain flat as well. Bakkt, Fidelity, and NASDAQ are all coming into play in March. You beleive this institutional involvement won’t move the price. Go back to writing reviews on Pokémon cards as crypto is something you obviously know nothing about.No need for insults if you disagree with the author. Thanks for the comment.Here is my ICON price preidction : 1. ICON has established strong partnership with Samsung and Amazon AWS 2. The project was forged by the Daily group 5B Organization 3. South Korea is world power house leader in blockchain tech, and one step ahead as it comes to mass adoption. 4 BTC dominance will continue to influence alt coins pricesDec 2019 : BTC 6000$ ICX 5$ Dec 2020 : BTC 20,000$ ICX 12$ Dec 2021 : BTC 100,000$ – 400,000$ ICX 60$ – 240$Coinmama is a bitcoin broker that specializes in selling Bitcoins for credit card to nearly anyone ... Binance is one of the crypto unicorns. CZ led exchange has taken crypto world by a storm and ... Binance caused intrigue in many when it originally announced its latest initiative: a ... ICO craze of 2017/2018 was really a sight to behold. While this crowdfunding concept dates some ...Trading Accounts Account type Minimum deposit Leverage Taker Fee Maker Fee Standard ...Bistamp is one of the most reliable Bitcoin exchanges nowadays, and provides secure and reliable ... Margin (leverage) trading is an inevitable part of modern crypto landscape. While it is ... There’s not much we can say about Binance that hasn’t been said before; with hundreds of ... Coinbase is the world's largest Bitcoin broker around. It is available to users in over 30 ...One of the latest buzzes around the tech world is investing in Bitcoin. There is definitely ...Captain Altcoin is made up of investors and digital currency enthusiasts.We have seen a strong need for better media coverage in the industry as the rise and popularity of digital currency is at an all-time high.We strive to share the most reliable, interesting, and accurate information to our readers.

Anyone can publish on Medium per our , but we don’t fact-check every story. For more info about the coronavirus, see. · 7 min readBitcoin’s Perfect Storm The perfect storm is brewing for Bitcoin. A pandemic has struck in the form of COVID-19, grinding the global economy to a halt. Politicians are desperately scrambling to enact legislation to protect their constituents as corporate CEOs jockey for the position of being the first constituent in line for their bailout. Unprecedented payments are being made by governments to their citizens to help meet their short-term obligations, and financial markets have utterly collapsed to the tune of extreme volatility, that in crypto, we call Monday. All the while, millions of people are suffering from a dangerous and deadly disease that has united the global community in a way we may have never seen before, working together and practicing social distancing to combat an invisible, common threat. Much is being made of the doom and gloom surrounding COVID, but I do not intend to continue this here as you can find it in any media outlet 24/7. The seriousness of the threat the disease presents and the suffering it has caused cannot be dismissed, nor should it be made light of. Ever the optimist though, I prefer to focus on the positives, and even in times of global crisis, I am often reminded of a quote from a speech given by the late, great, President John F. Kennedy; “The Chinese use two brush strokes to write the word ‘crisis. ‘ One brush stroke stands for danger; the other for opportunity. In a crisis, be aware of the danger — but recognize the opportunity.” The opportunity for Bitcoin, and the crypto industry as a whole, is now. Ignoring the self-evident health risks surrounding the pandemic and focusing our attention elsewhere, I can definitively say we are entering a financial and economic crisis that could prove to be vastly more devastating than the credit crisis of 2008/09. Dark times, indeed. But Bitcoin was born in this dark… molded by it. Bitcoin did not see the light of day until 2017 and by then it had reached an all-time-high price of roughly $20,000. Many people believe that Bitcoin will return to these price levels in 2020 once more, and even surpass them, despite COVID. I am one of those in the camp that believe this is possible, but why is this the perfect storm for Bitcoin? Allow me to elaborate on the opportunity it’s currently presented… In short: Endless money printing by central banks to artificially keep the global economy afloat will lead to the inevitable mass inflation of “soft” fiat money A looming global credit crisis, possibly in the form of defaulting SME and mid-cap corporate loans, will send reverberations through, and dry up, credit markets in a way that will make the mortgage crisis of 2008/09 seem like a walk in the park Bitcoin as Hard Money Let me be clear… Bitcoin has completely and utterly failed thus far as a peer-to-peer, cashless payment system. As such, in its current form, it cannot be a replacement for fiat money on a micro-payment level. However, it offers a unique alternative to “soft” fiat money as a store of value given its nature as a “hard” asset. “Hard Money” is an economic term that refers to the difficulty with which an assets outstanding amount can be distributed into circulation. There are, and there will only ever be, 21 million Bitcoin outstanding. Currently, there are about 18.3 million mined and in circulation, meaning less than 3 million more Bitcoin will ever exist. Let’s look at how Bitcoin is distributed and put into circulation relative to fiat currency, such as USD. To keep it simple, Bitcoin is a blockchain network distributed across tens of thousands of computers simultaneously. These computers, known as “nodes,” authenticate transactions two counterparties agree to engage in on the network. If the transaction is valid, the thousands of nodes come to a “consensus” and transfer the agreed upon amount of Bitcoin between the two counterparties’ wallets engaged in the transaction (FYI, this is where Bitcoin drives value as decentralized and distributed, but we’ll touch on that in another paper). Thousands of these transactions are simultaneously reviewed by and authenticated by the nodes, then processed together in “blocks” and added to a “chain” of historic transactions. The node whose algorithm authenticated the transactions first is paid an amount of Bitcoin as a reward for “mining” the block the nodes come to a consensus on. This mining reward is new Bitcoin entering circulation, which can be bought, sold, traded or even used as remittance for services rendered or goods purchased. Every 4 years or so, the amount of this reward, however, is cut in half, meaning Bitcoin mining groups receive half the reward they previously did. This event is known as the “halving”. Because of the halving, less and less Bitcoin is put into circulation, until eventually the final 21 millionth Bitcoin is mined. Mathematics and coding language ensure this will never change, safeguarding Bitcoin’s position as a hard asset. Fiat, on the other hand, can be put into circulation at the unilateral whim of central banks. The United States’ Federal Reserve, in 2020 alone, has printed and distributed trillions… TRILLIONS… of dollars to support government bailout packages and other initiatives. This far surpasses even the bailout amounts in 2008/09 and will inevitably lead to inflation of the dollar. Because it is relatively easy to put into circulation, fiat currency is inherently a “soft” asset that loses its value as more and more of it exists. The contrast is clear… Bitcoin is a deflationary, hard asset, and only getting harder, while fiat is being made softer and will be forced to weather inflation due to the actions governments and their central banks are taking to combat the COVID crisis. Relative to fiat, this will inherently drive Bitcoins value, and perceivably price, but it is not the only major factor at play in the looming perfect storm. Bitcoin as Uncorrelated Historically, Bitcoin is an uncorrelated asset to nearly all traditional asset classes. Since its inception in 2009, it has appreciated from a price below $.01 to above $20,000 with intermittent spouts of volatility along the way to its price of about $7,000, as of this writing. Over this decade, Bitcoin’s wild volatility and massive returns did not show any statistically relevant correlation to most, if not all, asset classes. This has led many people to declare that Bitcoin is a hedging instrument against traditional markets and other geo-political and economic crises. However, many people will note that during the first fiscal quarter of 2020, as the COVID crisis was seeming to ramp up, Bitcoin seemed to mimic the movements of traditional markets. While this is true, most notably on “Black Thursday”, March 12th, where crypto and traditional markets jointly realized one of the worst trading days in history, this does not disprove Bitcoin as an uncorrelated asset. It is worth noting that the sample size of Q1 is awfully small, and that all assets converge on a correlation of 1 during an immediate liquidity crisis. The main take away is that while Bitcoin may not be a hedging instrument against an immediate liquidity crisis, where every investor flocks to USD, it still has yet to be tested as a hedging instrument to a global financial crisis, much like the one it was born in. In the last few months alone we have seen tens of millions file for unemployment, local, non-essential businesses be forced to close and large corporates require billions in bailouts to stay afloat. It is truly unprecedented. Unless the money printers at central banks overclock and continue to prop-up weak companies through bailouts, we will soon realize a massive call on outstanding SME and corporate debt, possibly far exceeding the amount of defaults in the 2008/09 mortgage crisis. It is likely some small governments may default on their debt as well. Collectively, this will trigger a failing of various debt-backed-securities, a call on credit-default-swaps and, well, if you were paying attention last time the carousel went around like this, you get the picture. As global financial markets begin to crumble, investors and institutions often flock to “safe haven” assets, especially ones that maintain liquidity. Afterall, once a crisis concludes, those with liquidity are the kings and queens of the next market cycle. While gold is a good example of this historically, Bitcoin, while not a traditional “safe haven” asset given its volatility, offers an interesting alternative to gold as a non-correlated store of value during what may be the most tumultuous economic period of this century. Many are recognizing this and flocking to Bitcoin as a store of value as institutions such as Grayscale are reporting record subscriptions to their investment vehicles offering exposure to Bitcoin in Q1. This is the first true crisis the young currency has had to endure. For those paying attention and are members of our ever-growing crypto community, the stars are seeming to align favorably for Bitcoin and crypto assets as a whole, even in such trying times. With great crises comes great opportunity. It is time to test Bitcoin’s resolve in 2020 and see what it is truly made of. We will likely learn whether Bitcoin has the mettle to thrive this year, or if it all for naught. Educate yourself on these opportunities. Do your own research, and in case you do not know where to begin, we at Iconic are always available to help those interested to Feel free to reach out at any time! I would like to conclude by wishing you the best of luck and health for you and your loved ones. Please stay safe, practice social distancing, and do not succumb to fear. All crises pass, and for those glass-half-full types out there like me, opportunity abounds! By Patrick Lowry, CEO and Managing Partner, Iconic Holding # # #This article is strictly for educational purposes and isn’t to be construed as financial advice. Written by

BTC/USD Analysis & Prediction: Price goes up as Apple and Samsung show Bitcoin interest 21 hours agoAfter two straight days of bearish pullback, Bitcoin finally had a bullish day today. The revelation of Samsung and Apples interest in Bitcoin must have fuelled this upward growth. As of now, BTC/USD has gone up from $7,670 to $7,880. We will be doing a technical analysis of the price chart in different time frames to gain a better understanding of the price movement. However, before we do so, lets look into some of the hottest news surrounding Bitcoin.Fundamental AnalysisTechnical AnalysisFuture BehaviourFundamental AnalysisThe stories we are going to be looking into are:Apple adding Bitcoin symbol to its icon set.Samsung designing Bitcoin mining chips.Did Bitcoin whales manufacture the recent price dump?Apple adds Bitcoin symbol, unveils CryptokitThe trillion-dollar tech giants, Apple has finally shown some form of interest towards Bitcoin. Twitter user @brandnanthny tweeted the following photo indicating that Apple has added the Bitcoin symbol to its icon set.Along with this, Apple is also planning to unveil its CryptoKit cryptographic developer package at Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2019. The tool will debut as an update in iOS 13 and will focus primarily on developers, enabling them to build more security functionality for apps with better support.WWDCs description read:System frameworks encrypt both data at rest and data in transit in a transparent way for you. This functionality is available by simply setting an attribute. However, you may want to do more to protect your users data. CryptoKit is a new Swift framework that makes it easier and safer than ever to perform cryptographic operations, whether you simply need to compute a hash or are implementing a more advanced authentication protocol.The release of the CryptoKit and the incorporation of the Bitcoin symbol has been looked as positive signs by the Bitcoin community.Samsung designing Bitcoin mining chipsCharles Song, the general manager for Samsung Foundries China, revealed at the MicroBT M20 conference in Chengdu, China, that the company has been designing and manufacturing 3nm and 5nm chips for Bitcoin mining. As per the companys internal documents, Samsung has been fabricating these chips since Q1 2018. During the conference in Chengdu, Samsung announced its strategic collaboration with MicroBT, the third largest designer of Bitcoin ASICs behind Bitmain and Canaan. Since Samsung is the second largest semiconductor company in the world, behind Intel, this news wasnt much of a surprise.Samsung produced the chips in the M20S WhatsMiner, the latest line of MicroBT devices, which has a hashrate of 68Th/s and power efficiency of 48 watts to the Terahash. To understand how good that is, the Bitmain Antminer S9, the ASIC most commonly used in the industry, has a hashrate of 13.5 Th/s with a power efficiency of 98 W/Th. This means that the M20S five times more powerful and has half the power consumption.Did Bitcoin whales manufacture the recent price dump?Apparently, the recent Bitcoin price dump was a result of a whale manipulating the market. This is how the dump happened:First, the whale moved around 25,000 BTC (worth $215 million) to Coinbase. The Whale Alert twitter account corroborated this:The whale then made the following moves:An hour after the dump, they move 14,000 BTC (worth $112 million) from Coinbase to another wallet.40 mins later, a whale moved 11,000 BTC (worth $88 million) from Coinbase to another wallet.Finally, 15 mins later, the whale moved 10 million USDT from one wallet to another.So, overall, the whale dumped around 25,000 Bitcoins for $215 million and then repurchased it for $200 million, pocketing $15 million in the process.While some segments of the community have criticized the whale for their actions, others argued that the activity was simply a result of a free market where the whales are accumulating bitcoin.Technical AnalysisFor our technical analysis, we will be using Trading Views charts. We will be looking at the following price charts:Daily.Weekly.Monthly.4-Hour.2-Hour.1-Hour.BTC/USD daily chartBulls took the price up from $7,660 to $7,700 this Wednesday.The price got support from the upward trending line.The current price is trending below the 20-day simple moving average (SMA 20) curve and above the SMA 50, SMA 100, and SMA 200 curves.The closest resistance level on the upside lies at $7,800.The moving average convergence/divergence (MACD) indicator shows that the signal line has diverged further away from the MACD line, indicating increasing bearish momentum.BTC/USD weekly chartDespite Wednesdays bullish movement, Monday and Tuesday have been so bearish that this weeks candlestick is still in the red.Over the week, the price has gone down from $8,729.50 to $7,700, charting an 11.80% decrease in value.The relative strength index (RSI) indicator has crept back from the overbought zone into the neutral zone and is currently trending at 66.11.The Elliot oscillator shows seven consecutive bullish sessions with increasing intensity.BTC/USD 4-hour chartThe 4-hour price failed at the $7,830 level and went down to $7,695 over the next two sessions.The SMA 100 crossed over the SMA 20 curve which is a bearish sign.The widening of the 20-day Bollinger band shows increasing market volatility.The RSI indicator is trending right next to the oversold territory at 32.06.The signal line is looking to coverage with the MACD line, showing decreasing bearish momentum.BTC/USD 2-hour chartAs the markets opened this Wednesday, the price was trending in an upwards channel formation, before it hit resistance at the SMA 20 curve. Since then, the 2-hour price is trending along the curve.The market is trending below the SMA 20, SMA 50, SMA 100, and SMA 200 curves.The SMA 100 and SMA 50 curves have crossed over the SMA 20 curve, while the SMA 200 curve has crossed over the SMA 50 curve, which are all bearish signs.The latest session was extremely bearish, which took the 2-hour price to $7,674.The 20-day Bollinger bands narrowing jaw indicates decreasing market volatility.The RSI indicator went back inside the neutral zone from the oversold territory this Wednesday and is currently trending around 36.85.BTC/USD 1-hour chartThe 1-hour BTC/USD price is currently trending below the red Ichimoku cloud.The 1-hour chart forms a triangle formation from which the price has had a bearish breakout.The price currently finds support on the $7,675 line.Before breaking past the triangle formation, the 1-hour price chart was trending horizontally for nine straight sessions.The Elliot oscillator shows that the sentiment of the 1-hour market is extremely bearish.Future BehaviourCurrently, it looks like the market is still trying to recover from the recent downward trend. However, certain well-known names in the space are pretty bullish about the assets future behavior. Head of Civic, Vinny Lingham, sometimes known as the Oracle of Bitcoin, because of his accurate predictions, believes that Bitcoin will go past $10,000. Lingham tweeted:This BTC action looks aggressive. Makes me think that we may blow through $10k and test $12k very soon, but $12k is a very heavy resistance level, so I would expect consolidation around the $10k level for some time if $12k is (likely) rejected.Galaxy Digital head Michael Novogratz has a more cautious prediction. He believes that BTC will consolidate between $7,000 $10,000.Like what you read? Give us one like or share it to your friends1818

Yannick Sierra, security engineering and architecture manager for Apple, opened up the cryptography session at the 2019 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference and presented the CryptoKit with these words:Welcome to the bitcoin session! (Laughter in the room). Kidding welcome to Cryptography and Your Apps session!This opening quote ended up being the only reference to or throughout the entirepresentation of CryptoKit s newframework for app developers designed to simplify building security-enhancing cryptographic functionality. Sierras joke was likely in recognition of how eagerly the crypto community anticipated the event, as well as the launch of the new toolkit in general.Despite the heightened expectations that many cryptocurrency enthusiasts harbored, the presentation itself was hardly a ringing announcement of Apples newfound openness to blockchain. It turned out to be what it was always meant to be: a hands-on rundown of the new developer tool with use cases, implementation tips and chunks of code on the slides. Still, what can the crypto industry make of this new release, and does it have anything to do with Apples stance on cryptocurrencies?Great expectationsIn the electrified air of the unfolding blockchain arms race between the worlds major tech powerhouses, cryptocurrency aficionados are hanging on every word these companies say that could be interpreted as endorsement of blockchain technology and its applications. With the 2019 Worldwide Developers Conference underway, vigilant inhabitants of crypto Twitter spotted an unannounced addition to SF Symbols, Apples native icon set. Among 1,500 configurable symbols, developers can now leverage four different versions of the bitcoin icon:Just noticed that Apples new icon set (SF Symbols), includes bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/Og8dWp2C85 Brandon (@brandnanthny) June 4, 2019Needless to say, the move has beeninterpreted as an instance of mainstream validation, which followed a similar symbol-ic by Microsoft. And then, crypto media went abuzz over yet another promising development, as it became known that Apple is to present a set of cryptographic developer tools.For a wishful eye, there was little doubt that all the recent tidbits were pieces of the same puzzle: The company is ready to embrace crypto! After years of contentious relationships, by two occasions of being dropped from App Store and an effective ban on mining on Apple devices, even small steps were seen as welcomed news.Bullish comments on CryptoKits significance for the cryptocurrency space began to surface. Alejandro Machado, co-founder of Open Money Initiative,told The Block that cryptocurrency developers will capitalize on the new feature that CryptoKit offers: the capacity to leverage iPhones secure enclave a hardware pocket disconnected from the processor to reach the level of security comparable to that of hardware wallets. TrustWallet founder Viktor Radchenko concurred in a widely circulated tweet:Apple announced CryptoKit for iOS 13, only a few steps away before you can turn your phone into a hardware wallet.https://t.co/21wPSBz0K3 Viktor Radchenko (@vikmeup) June 4, 2019Forbes Billy Bambrough the enthusiastic vibe by calling CryptoKits rollout Apples first carefully measured steps into bitcoin and crypto.Duct tape solutionAs it happens, not everyone was immediately ready to hop on the bandwagon. Blockchain developer Ronald Mannak countered the growing bullish sentiment with a series oftweets, deconstructing what CryptoKit is and what it is not. Mannak argued that the new tool is about cryptography, not cryptocurrency, and as such, it has nothing to do with Apples stance on crypto and blockchain.With some improved functionality, CryptoKit is good news for developers but not the game changer for the broader crypto space, as compatibility of its affordances with Ethereum and other blockchains remains limited.Blockchain video blogger Ivan Liljeqvist (Ivan on Tech) projected the same narrative when he spent the first few minutes of his recentstream dwelling on the difference between cryptography and cryptocurrency and suggesting that hodlers should not get overly excited about everything that has crypto in it.He contended that CryptoKit doesnt look like how most cryptocurrencies are laid out today, and it is not designed for crypto, not having crypto use cases in mind, citing potential issues with key retrieval and backup from the secure enclave. However, he admitted that one could still build a cryptocurrency on CryptoKit, although it would require a duct tape solution.The basics of what we haveWhich of these two perspectives better reflects reality? To answer this question, having a cold-eyed look at CryptoKit and the context of its emergence wouldnt go amiss.Apple CryptoKit is a framework that comes with the iOS 13 update. It is built on top of CoreCrypto Apples native cryptographic library. Previously, iOS developers who wished to implement cryptographic operations had to rely on the library called Common Crypto, written in the language Objective-C. As much of the software development on iOS these days occurs in a different language, Swift, this discrepancy proved inconvenient: Unable to use the library directly in Swift, programmers had to spend time on writing wrapper frameworks to make use of it.CryptoKit, written in Swift, takes care of the issue. It will allow a hassle-free implementation of cryptographic operations such as using public-key cryptography to create and evaluate digital signatures, perform key exchange and use generated symmetric keys to authenticate and encrypt messages. As per Apples documentation, the new framework automatically handles tasks that make your app more secure.At the Cryptography and Your Apps session, Apple engineers presented major types of prospective use cases: protecting data on a device, protecting credentials and keys, sharing data across devices and users, securing network connections, and verifying remote parties. Sounds like a great privacy-enhancing tool for smartphone users but where are cryptocurrencies in this picture?For one, there is potential room for wallet functionality, as many blockchain experts already observed. Sergey Bolshedvorsky, senior iOS developer with Voxpopme, explained:The new framework will provide easy-to-use and efficient options for hashing, key generation, key exchange and encryption for developers. All these operations are essential for building cryptocurrency wallets. [] CryptoKit allows to store private keys in the secure enclave which will hugely increase the protection of these keys and allow for secure public-key cryptography. Current documentation suggests that developers will not have direct access to private keys, therefore these are going to be securely protected and stored on a device.At the same time, Bolshedvorsky admits, the tool is not perfectly cut out for cryptocurrency-related applications beyond wallets, yet offers a wide array of uses beyond crypto:The current implementation of CryptoKit does not support secp2561k1 curve used by Ethereum and other blockchains, therefore it has a limited applicability for cryptocurrency applications at the moment. Support for these algorithms can be added in future updates, but it is not clear when it will happen. CryptoKit brings easy-to-use cryptography to all applications and it does not limit itself to crypto-related applications.Founder and CEO of Zerocracy, the creator of cryptocurrency zold, echoes this idea but points to some of CryptoKits less obvious implications for the crypto space. Yegor Bugayenko said: Despite the expected market reaction that connected CryptoKit with blockchain and bitcoin, it has nothing to do specifically with those cryptocurrencies. CryptoKit will simplify data encryption and decryption operations, which are used in many other areas, including backups, secure emailing and messages, password generation, and many others. However, natively implemented data encryption algorithms will definitely boost the development of mobile nodes for new lightweight and non-PoW cryptocurrencies, providing millions of iPhone and iPad users with mobile access to microtransactions in the future.Industry reactionOverall, blockchain experts outside of the developer community view CryptoKits arrival as welcomed news. While some consider it a manifestation of Apples long-anticipated turn toward crypto, others celebrate increased data security and privacy that the new tool is expected to bring about.Dave Hodgson, director and co-founder of NEM Ventures, the venture capital and investments arm of the blockchain ecosystem, believes that CryptoKit will add to the momentum of mainstream adoption:The latest move by Apple is further evidence that blockchain is gaining more mainstream adoption, and it follows a similar release by Samsung and other key players in the space. CryptoKit will allow developers to focus on building a greater user experience without having to divert resources to highly technical areas. An analogy would be GPS on smart phones allowing Uber to focus on its Consumer app. If you couple CryptoKit with the Apple Sign In announcement, several interesting use cases present themselves and we hope to see other vendors offering similar tools for Android and Windows in due time.Matt Branton, chief technology officer of a stablecoin project called Neutral, is largely on board with this optimistic view:The increasing interest in blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies among large enterprises signals wider mainstream adoption, in which traditional and emerging industries will continue to overlap. Apples plans to unveil the new tool, CryptoKit, which will feature in iOS 13, reveals a promising mission from a traditional tech giant to support growing consumer demand for higher security standards through cryptography. This trend of consumers striving for higher security standards has extended to the digital asset realm, with more and more market participants demanding higher levels of stability and reliability.Mateusz Tilewski, co-founder and CTO of blockchain network company Concordium Group, prefers to think of the new cryptographic developer package as a response to the need for higher-quality cryptography in consumer-oriented apps:The majority of hacks can be attributed to faulty cryptography design and implementations, so access to quality crypto-utilities is directly correlated to the security of an app. As one of the biggest companies in the world, it is no surprise to see Apple implement proven and stable standards in their kit.Overall, while the communitys initial enthusiasm with regard to CryptoKit may be somewhat overblown, in the long run, however, it should further the cryptocurrency movements strategic objectives. Although its capacity right now to usher a tidal wave of mobile hard wallets remains controversial, it is upon the developers to test whether it could be an efficient way to move forward. In addition, wider implementation of cryptographic data security solutions means not just better data protection for consumers, but also potential collateral systemic benefits for crypto, including but not limited to the potential rise of mobile-based cryptocurrency nodes.

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Home » Bitcoin Games » Bitcoin Slots Online gambling has improved tremendously, especially in the field of Bitcoin slots. Traditional slot games used to consist of single reels with the basic gameplay. But now, they are nothing less than magnificently animated games that are highly appealing and addictive. With the latest cryptocurrency gaming mania, even slot games are now playable using your Bitcoins. You can find the details of all Bitcoin slot games below, which are readily available at the below-reputed BTC casinos. Bitcoin Casinos have made significant waves in the gambling industry and are at full speed in keeping up with the latest trends and competitions. As the market has become highly competitive, Gaming Providers like NetEnt, GameArt, and Betsoft have also excited their performances and successfully created marvelous Bitcoin slot games that range from exciting 3D slot games to fan-favorite themed slots. All the previous classics have also been revamped into better versions that work well with Bitcoin gaming. Fortunately for gamers, all the leading gaming providers are working tirelessly to express their unique gaming styles and talents in formulating top-notch slot games. Their hit creations ensure to include all the popular sports as well, including FIFA football with football stars and so on. Each gaming provider has considerably leveled up the gaming field and created some of the best Bitcoin slots ever seen. Bitcoin gaming is on the rise as we can already judge by the number of popular games created to catch up with the ever-growing trends. At this rate, we hope to see some more stunning new developments in online Bitcoin gambling soon. Overall, the perks of online gambling are numerous. From wicked features to magical bonuses, the gambling market has much to offer. There is no doubt that Bitcoin games have similar exciting features that enable players to win big on the reels and become addicted. There are various, marvelous themes and features worth exploring that are sure to provide an enhanced gaming experience for all. Some of these include features like the Special Symbols, Bonus Games, Multipliers, and Progressive Jackpots. Special symbols Special symbols that land in a manner that form patterns of dedicated formations can increase the chances of big wins for players. These symbols are created to offer unique and exciting winning combinations. Scatter Symbol The Scatter symbol is a highly exciting symbol which, when landed on for a couple of times, will reveal exciting bonus features for the players. These bonuses could be in the form of a Free spin round or lead up to some other stunning Bonus game. With these symbols, players can make mighty Bitcoin winnings. Wild Symbol Wild symbols are super unique and valuable. These can be used to replace all the reel’s symbols except the scatter symbol. With the wild symbol, players can replace the symbols for those who will provide them with excessive winning combinations for sure. Players can also stack up wild symbols or cover whole reels. This doubles the fun and excitement of playing Bitcoin slots. Bonus Games To improve the experience of players, Bitcoin casinos offer attractive bonus games through which players can earn more and more Bitcoin and do not even have to use their Bitcoin to play. Bonus games always help increase payouts and make the experience much more enjoyable. Free Spins Players can win multiple free spins by landing three or more symbols. Bitcoin slots have variable offers for different games. Some games offer you more free spins than others, and you could also retrigger a free spin by chance and get awarded with more free spins. Hence, this is a fan-favorite bonus feature of all times. Pick to Win To win exciting prizes like bonus credits, free spins, access to bonus rounds, etc., the Pick to Win feature allows players to select between many theme-related items. It is a sort of guessing game and makes gambling more captivating. Second Screen This feature is one of the most adored features. When players land on certain pre-set symbol combinations, they are redirected to a second screen- another screen where they are offered multiple gaming tasks to win more. Betsoft’s Slotfather Bitcoin game is a great example where when the slotfather icon is landed three times, the second screen pops up, and players have to perform the task of placing the slot machines in various towns to expand the game’s business. Sounds exciting, right? Multipliers The multiplier feature allows benefits such as doubling or tripling of payouts and can go as high up to x1000 in some of the bigger and higher RTP slots. Usually, combinations of free spins, wild symbols, and scatter symbols are responsible for triggering the multiplier feature. This offers a way for Bitcoin gamblers to achieve massive payouts in the form of cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin gems bring an exciting offer for the players. Now, the players do not need to bound themselves to a specific amount of jackpots. The players can get more jackpots by inserting the bitcoins in the machine. So add the coins in the machine and spin the reel to hit the jackpot right now. Gamblers playing online often hesitate due to the risks that come with an online platform. Gambling sites that involve traditional slots are risky. During online casino games, the wallet and personal information of the players are at stake. However, the Bitcoins have no such risks as they are backed-up by blockchain, unlike traditional slots. The blockchain technology adds layers of security to protect users from cyber threats. Also, they have the best encryption to keep hackers away from the gamblers. Not just this, Bitcoin is known for its anonymity; thus there will be an anonymous payment network through which the player’s transactions will be safe. The Bitcoin slots are entirely transparent. The gamblers spin the reel, roll the dice, and choose a card randomly using the Random Number Generator (RNG). In addition to that, they can even track the game by viewing previous game records within seconds. Furthermore, the transactions of the bitcoin slots are immediate. Gamblers can purchase the slots of Bitcoin at fewer prices. One of the significant advantages of Bitcoin slots over traditional ones is that they have no border restrictions. Hence, Bitcoin connects players from different countries on one platform. With Bitcoin slots, any gambler from any region can challenge another gambler within seconds. So there is a long list of reasons why players should use Bitcoin Slots and not traditional slots. Bitcoin is not a new concept in the online gambling world, yet people are unaware of the procedure of bitcoin transactions. Many online casinos allow safe and secure Bitcoin transactions. To store the coins, a bitcoin storage wallet is a must. Hence, the gamblers have to find the best wallet for storing the Bitcoins, be it a software wallet, hardware wallet, or mobile/site wallet. Once the player has selected the wallet, next is crediting it. So the gamblers will have to top up their wallet by buying Bitcoins. Now they can become a part of exciting games by signing up on online casinos. The online platform will make use of coins to load the credits in the game. With this, the players are all set to try their luck in their favorite casino games online. Despite the casino’s guarantee safety of the wallets, the players need to keep a check on their Bitcoin wallets themselves as well.  There is a long list of exciting Bitcoin slots in online gambling sites. However, some slots add thrill to the player’s lives. The list of the top favorite Bitcoin Slots of gamblers around the world includes: 1. NetEnt Bitcoin Slot: Gonzo’s Quest: Gonzo’s Quest is a game of the NetEnt Bitcoin slot. The game is based on the story of Gonzo, the conquistador of 1541. It is an adventurous game in which gamblers can earn real money. The game has an aesthetically pleasing backdrop of a temple in a jungle. The sound effects of birds chirping and guitar playing give an authentic feel. From the 3D effects to the animations, you are going to love the game. 2. NetEnt Bitcoin Slot: Jumanji: The name Jumanji itself reminds of the big hit of 1995, Jumanji. The movie was about a supernatural game with a mind of its own. The Jumanji game in the online casino follows the same exciting theme with the green crystal ball, troops of monkeys, stampedes of rhinos, etc. The sound of drums in the background will add liveliness to the online board game. 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Players can win the various rounds within a short time because it’s a mobile-friendly game, and users feel comfortable while playing. Bitcoin Thrilling Progressive Jackpots An exciting Progressive Jackpot is a kind of Bitcoin jackpot that rises with each turn of the reels. When players put their gambles on the spins, the jackpot pool fill up with some of their bet portions. Each online Bitcoin Casino player can set its per bet increment percentage himself. To win the stimulating jackpot payouts/ rewards, gamblers have to bet maximum spins. You cannot get any jackpot or payout if you don’t add enough bets. Online Casinos also add a small proportion to the prizes. Progressive Jackpot charges do not occur as repeatedly as game slots that are not progressive or on minor victories, and inappropriately, there is no policy involved to attempt and make the win. The only dissimilarity in probabilities to that of winning the lottery is that bettors get more odds to whirl the reels than they do at gambling on the lottery.  None of the jackpots are unpaid. But it also doesn’t mean that players can get more chances of winning if they gamble more. Millions of these slot games can offer tremendous types of exciting prizes and jackpots. Mostly the betting suppliers make use of the Progressive Jackpot character as it lures punters to their game slots because everybody believes its trustworthiness. Mega Moolah by Micro-gaming (Game supplier) is an outstanding example of Progressive Jackpot Bitcoin. The house advantage on advanced playoffs can be from 10% or maybe greater as 20% anywhere. Mobile-Friendly Game Slot The advancement of the smartphone technology marketplace has transformed the way individuals communicate and operate globally. To progress any online business in the world, and instant communication access is mandatory. Tons of online casinos and software suppliers permit the gamblers to enjoy games on their smart gadgets just by moving control keys. The Bitcoin industry has become more revolutionized these days.  Although many games have been improved using Flash since 2012 (HTML 5), which is the modern version of Hypertext Markup Language. This latest software solution stack is preferred due to its unique behaviors and features of web page content by applying a markup-based configuration to it. HTML 5 slots can be enjoyed on all the smart gadgets such as Androids, iOS, desktops, tablet screens, smart TV screens, various iPads, or iPhones. All the HTML5 slots flexibilities can be utilized by the punters like the internet, desktops, supporting browsers. You can find the best HTML5 game slots: Free spins are considered the sacred part of the Bitcoin casino features due to unique properties. It is the opportunity to get an additional chance to land winning arrangements to line gamester’s wallet with some Bitcoin. Either you use the land scatter or combination feature, each Bitcoin casino will offer you tons of free spins or bonus rounds. Players can win the extra coins for their wallets. The No Deposit Free Spin round is the practical and outstanding free spin round for the gamblers. To attract the gamblers, the casino offers a striking welcome packages/ bonuses to its new players. Players can win large and extra winnings during No Deposit Round by Betsoft on True Sheriff. Conversely, it is with attention performers should tread the glittering waters of online free spins, as these playoffs frequently have consistent patterns attached. To cover the casinos back, the wagering betting chances should be maximum during the different Rounds. The players need to read out the fine prints. Everything above x30 required wager is starting to appear threatening for the gambler. There is also frequently the highest winning expanse involved in the free spin reward/ bonus, which could be more limiting than estimated.  So, in a nutshell, it a humble request or advice to all the players to read out all the promotions and bonus details on the fine print during gambling. Whenever gamblers think of playing using the Bitcoins, they doubt the validity of Bitcoin slots by law. However, the laws of Bitcoins and online casinos keep changing from time to time. So, whether the Bitcoin Slots are legal or illegal is dependent on a country’s laws. Although, there are no rules as such passed for the gambling of Bitcoins online. When Bitcoin gambling was a new concept in the world of gaming, the gamblers took it as something that will not be of any benefit and will instead cause adverse effects. But with the introduction of online casinos, the players begin to find Bitcoins beneficial and straightforward. 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The world of BitcoinTalk announcements needs constant monitoring for gems. Great projects can get lost in the mix if they don’t grab attention fast, getting lost in the back pages after their initial posting. First page presence is necessary for views, and the common practice of bumping makes it hard for underfunded or inexperienced marketing teams to compete. You’ll frequently find projects that have announced over 1 year ago still appreading on the first page, which only acts to keep attention away from the new innovations coming out.The purpose of this series is to bring attention to the newest and best of the bunch that is posted every week. We will only post 3 projects every week that has passed our evaluation processes. Starting this week, we now let the community vote for 1 of the projects that should appear. At the end of every article, we will include an “honorable mention”, a project that we particularly fell in love with and needs an extra boost of attention. Let us know who it should be next week!This website and the information contained herein is not intended to be a source of investment, financial, technical, tax, or legal advice. This website cannot substitute for professional advice and independent factual verification. The ideas and strategies on this website should never be used without first assessing your own personal financial situation, and without consulting a financial professional. All content on this website is for informational purposes only and is provided “as is”, with no guarantee of completeness, accuracy, timeliness or of the results obtained from the use of this website. This is just a stub, your access to and use of this website is conditioned upon your acceptance of and compliance with the Full Disclaimers. The Disclaimers apply to all visitors, users, and others who wish to access or use this website.The AIDUS Global D-Fund Platform is a decentralized fund market established upon the ETHEREUM network to serve as a professional asset management platform in which global investors and asset management companies are able to use Blockchain technologies and SMART Contracts to safely and transparently create and settle into P2P (Peer-to-Peer) fund agreements. Various information regarding the settled fund agreements shall be registered in the Blockchain network and shall continuously be updated through the Oracles* Agent.This project, officially named as the ‘AIDUS Global D-Fund Platform (ADFP)’, is decentralized platform business by establishing a ‘decentralized fund market platform’ in which the AIDUS Coin will serve as the main currency that would be used for the signing and redemption of various fund portfolios.The platform will connect global investors (the demand group for the asset management) with professional asset management companies, while it would supply the ‘Quant Trading System(QTS)’ to the asset management companies in order for them to create various high-profit fund items, all aiming at truly revolutionizing and establishing a new ecosystem of global asset management market. This ‘ADFP Business’ is the first ever unique project in the entire world that can only be pushed forward by the unique members here in the AIDUS Project Team.[ANN][ICO][ENCN] EndChain 🔥(US Patent-Pending)🔥 Affordable Tracking SolutionEndChain provides a complete and cost-effective logistics package that benefits all parties of the supply chain. While most utility tokens focus on high-end goods, EndChain focuses on the low to middle market, an area that has been ignored for too long. EndChain is able to enter this market due to the ease and low price of our system compared to other utility tokens which focus on expensive NFC chips or manual entry.The EndChain QR code is unique in that it incorporates a barcode within the QR code. This design allows for simplified use as EndChain users will know to scan the only code found on the packaging. Other businesses which rely on legacy barcode technology will be able to scan the embedded barcode. Thus, EndChains QR code creates a singular code to work on any type of system. An additional benefit is that the single code can update both the blockchain and any internal legacy systems with a single scan. The goal of this is to reduce complexity while increasing efficiency.With a large base of potential customers, EndChain can immediately get to work selling our product. 2–4% of the revenue generated from sales will be dedicated to burning EndChain tokens. This will help decrease the number of EndChain tokens in the long term; thus increasing the price. As most companies need to plan ahead and budget, they are likely to buy and hold an amount of EndChain tokens. This will create strong support for the EndChain market.Our purpose is to make an accessible environment for ease of financial services available for people in South East Asia and all over the world on this project. To achieve this purpose, we intend to support the poor through our financial institution and offer epoch-making services compared to existing banking services through a cryptocurrency exchange platform.The first main component is trading. We adopted a cutting-edge trading platform which has been adopted by top international companies. For this platform, we will offer safety and a stable trading environment for users. This platform is named Asia Pacific Exchange (APX).API is assisting a Microfinance institution called Asia Pacific Finance Plc. (APF). APF was founded by the Japanese and obtained a business license from the National Bank of Cambodia 2015. Therefore APF has been operating microfinance business since 2015. This is a tangible achievement reachable by a strong management base, APF aims to be a Specialized Bank from a Microfinance institution.Asia Pacific Exchange (APX) Trading Platform: handling fee dividend and handling fee mining. Handling fee dividend is the system to divide the 88% of the total handling fee paid by traders to APC holders according to their holding ratio. Handling fee mining is the system to provide APC coin to traders who paid the handling fee for dealing.After these main components work, APC’s liquidity will be enhanced and will be stabilized. The peer to peer lending platform will be set to bind the lower class and cryptocurrency holders. This platform implements lending from cryptocurrency holder to a client and APF will support to appraise client as intermediator. APF will also support in cases of delayed repayment of a client as servicer. For this role, APF will take a commission when matching the deal. As there are people who are not able to use the internet and/or disabled to read and write documents, APF will take such a role to aid them. No matter how developed the lending apps on the internet are, it will not work unless they can show an accurate situation and correct information about potential clients. We believe it’s important to protect lender’s rights by supporting borrowers for repayment in a planned concise way. For this point, APF has an important role in this platform.[ANN][ICO] Hit The Crypto — blockchain game — crazy IT-heroes on cyberpunk arenaThe modern world has achieved technological singularity. Cryptocurrency, neural networks, and artificial intelligence got out of control. All the geniuses went nuts. They’re climbing on the technological civilization ruins with their bionic hook-shaped limbs to prove their ideas in combat.How much is Bitcoin? It doesn’t matter anymore, as there’s only fierce hunger for battles in the eyes of the new world inhabitants, they don’t even remember the true reasons for it. The evergreen Bitcoin Billionaires’ Island is the only stable and prosperous place in the world. But who will be able to break through pain, humiliation and primal rampage to join the Elites?Have you ever played Worms? Hit the Crypto is even cooler! The game has absorbed all rock-n-roll from worms, a batwing, Mortal Kombat, and iconic Dota-2 Trade. Have fun among crypto arena champions and high-tech gladiators and earn trophies.Bitcoin, Blockchain and Decentralized Systems for a better tomorrow. ICO and STO news, Announcements and Crypto Services.

Ledger Blue is the French Ledger hardware wallet. A technology concentration that makes you want to try it at least once. As large as a 3.5-inch scratch-proof smartphone, it guarantees maximum security for a hot wallet. Unlike Ledger Nano S, you manage founds with a finger, navigating the intuitive Ledger operating system icon interface. Ledger Blue supports many criptocurrencies, including: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Dogecoin, Dash, Zcash. Thanks to 2-factor certified FIDO 2FA authentication and integrated NFC technology, access online services such as Google, Dropbox, Paypal, Samsung Pay and many more at a glance, saying goodbye to passwords. Ledger Blue is sold at the price of €274.80 including VAT, available on purchase on the official website www.ledgerwallet.com. All the other features are described below and at the bottom of the article you will find the presentation video. - The Ledger Blue welcome to the user. - Ledger Blue is a wallet hardware that fits in with the needs of private customers, such as the high demand for security from online businesses and stores that accept merchandise payments with multiple criptovalutes. The system security is guaranteed by the Ledger BOLOS operating system, with "pond compartment" architecture, making apps work isolated from each other. Security is not just software. The two ST31 Secure Element processors and STM32 microcontrollers guarantee system integrity and isolation even from a physical point of view. The operating system is designed to prevent access to malware and viruses, sting so-called "man-in-the-middle attacks" (MITM) and provides proof of presence. If you have a business that accepts payments in cryptocurrencies, it's like having a bank at your home. Customer payments arrive directly on the hot wallet multi-currency hardware. The criptocurrency sending transactions send them directly from the device display in an isolated digital environment that increases security (see the video below). Backups occur on a recovery archive and thanks to the recovery sheet found in the package, funds are always safe. The login password, from 4 to 8 PINs, guarantees the unavailability of the money even if the device is lost. - Blue Ledger asks you to enter the PIN. - ⟩⟩ Gate.io exchange reviews and opinions: it's reliable?    ⟩⟩ Market.space: decentralized Data Storage Platform    ⟩⟩ Exenium ITO. What is, and how ITO XNT works    ⟩⟩ MoonDash. How Dash Faucet works. Earn for free!    ⟩⟩ Blockchain & Bitcoin Conference Bangalore, India Gate.io exchange reviews and opinions: it's reliable? Market.space: decentralized Data Storage Platform Exenium ITO. What is, and how ITO XNT works MoonDash. How Dash Faucet works. Earn for free! Blockchain & Bitcoin Conference Bangalore, India Video shows how to build mining farm of cryptocurrency How to multiply bitcoin and earning a lot of free satoshi Ledger Blue Bitcoin hardware wallet features and price Giga Watt ICO. Interview with the innovative mining farm team Mining Ethereum makes 120%, mining Dash 130% for HashFlare CVCoin ICO. Interview team Crypviser, Military instant messenger Home | Contact | About | Copyright | Privacy Policy | Site Map | Secure SiteWebInserzionista © 2013-2017. WebInserzionista of Fabio Carbone Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - ShareAlike 4.0 International.Permits more than the purpose of this license may be available at Copyright page.

Stellar is currently ranking as #6 on Coinmarketcap with the price $0.105581 and market capitalization of $2+ billion. Well, numbers might change when you read this post, but I decided to leave a screenshot from CMC.In this article I decided to focus on Stellar-based projects, I hope you will find this information useful and maybe will check some of them.Cgig is a Crypto-Fiverr, particularly Stellar-based project which uses XLM as inner currency. As crypto-ethusiast I think that we need to have as many crypto-alternatives for established web services as possible. For example for blogging and social media we have Trybe and Steemit, and there are many promising projects in different areas. Cgig is a good application with can become both Fiverr-type of micro-tasks and platform for biggest job opportunities.For example, I listed 2 services, one big marketing package, and another – Twitter-retweet for $5 (you can see it on the first screenshot in the bottom right corner). For the latter service soon I had an order. After completion of it and approval in 2 days, I received payment.I was successfully able to withdraw it instantly (after it appeared on my balance) by clicking on “Telegram” icon and entering my XLM wallet.This is the first Stellar-based project which I heard about. I took part in bounty during the times of ICO. This project is on Coinmarketcap and price of 1 SLT is $3.20 nowAlso I need to tell that Smartlands scammed me on bounty – didn’t pay my tokens. The amount was less than $100 but what I didn’t like is their attitude – they banned me from their Telegram for just asking the question. But as you can see from screenshot below I’m their customer, I opened wallet there, transferred XLM, opened trustline… Maybe it’s topic of another article, but if they scammed me on $100 they can scam you for much bigger amount, so I feel I need to mention it.It’s also example that even if project is more or less well-known – it doesn’t mean they can’t scam you.TERNIO (CoinmarketCap link) claims to provide the scalable and decentralized blockchain framework capable of over 1 million transactions per second. Currently there are 2.Mobius is a mobile wallet (available at AppStore or Google Play) which is designed to store assets and conduct easy crypto-commerce. There is also DApp Store where you can pay with MOBI. For the moment there are 12 Dapps, including Stellarball, Flappy Bird, Crypto Tactic and others. Currently, MOBI price is $0,014925.Repo Coin is a blockchain project focused on the auto lending and repossession industry. Repo provides a solution that will result in the faster, more efficient recovery of assets for auto lenders by bringing together a large community of people to assist in locating delinquent vehicles, motivated by cryptocurrency rewards. Repo Coin mobile app plans to provide license plate scanning and recognition technology to a large community of users across the USA, free of charge and easy to use. They plan to disrupt and transform the $1 billion dollar auto repossession industry with cryptocurrency solution.And what’s more exciting – While many crypto-startups give away merchandise or tokens, Repo is giving away cars! They allocated 1 million of tokens (that’s more than $500 000, right now 1 REPO is $0,536466) for bringing cars to those who need them. The potential winners should make application on the website, explaining why do they need a car, and Repo token holders vote, each month the person who gets most votes – will need a car. That’s one of the most interesting giveaways I’ve seen in blockchain space).SureRemit is an ecosystem of merchants for global non-cash remittances, powered by blockchain technology. Their main target is “You and 250 million other immigrants remit about $600bn annually“.SureRemit App is available on AppStore and Google Pay and token is listed on Coinmarketcap. Currently RMT price is $0,003686.Pedity Platform is decentralized content reward platform powered by Stellar and IPFS. Users can share content, earn rewards, get tipped and also setup goals and get crowdfunded by the community. The alpha version is already live and 0.2 should be coming around February 2019.Main difference from the competition they think is:On Pedity, you get various different rewards that are not based on votes but based on your content such as fixed rewards, recurring rewards, tip rewards and stellar inflation rewards.PEDI costs now $0,000645 (CmC) and although I don’t like the name (it brings me association with Pedigree pet food), I will sign up either for new alpha version or for the beta version in future to check it.SIX aims to be the Internet of Digital Services, providing decentralized solutions for all kinds of transactions in the digital and creative economies. The infrastructure which they build includes SIX Digital Asset Wallet, Decentralized Financial Services, and Wallet-to-Wallet (W2W) Decentralized Commerce, SIX BlockChain Startup Fund.There is also SIX alliance which includes: 40+ digital and creative startups in Thailand, Korea, and Southeast Asian countries, 1M+ content creators, social media influencers, comic writers, VDO producers, actively working in our platforms, 10M+ active users in SIX’s alliances’ platforms.SIX costs now $0,009294 with the capitalization of $2.5+ million (CmC) and their evaluation is over 4 billion USD from SIX’s alliances combined.Factr aims to bring decentralized, immutable Blockchain technologies to the logistics and freight industry, advancing and enhancing supply chain transparency, and enabling trusted global freight, fleet and logistics transactions management.The demo version of FactR is available on the official web-site and FTR is available on several Stellar exchanges.If you have something to add or some Stellar-based project in mind which you suggest – please let me know in comments!Your email address will not be published. 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In the earlier days of Dynamics CRM, once I wanted to use an icon for one in every of my customized entities, I’d simply go into the final icons folder and seize another icon that was being used and repurpose it for my new entity. Listed below are the steps to get began with the Workplace 365 CDN. Qtum tokens might be obtainable to buy through the ICO from Bizhongchou , Yunbi , Yuanbao , Allcoin , and ICO365 , although they say the checklist may change earlier than the ICO start date. Qtumteam is correct to state that qtum coin cant be withdraw till mainnet online. Needless to say SPFx va… internet elements cannot – on the time of writing – utilise the SharePoint CDN. The revolutionary approach of Spinbackup is to change the paradigm of knowledge security by building ico company a Safety Bridge between the Blockchain Neighborhood and Traditional Cloud Providers. In accordance with the 2017 First Half Home ICO Development Scenario Report” China saw a complete of 65 ICO’s within the first half of 2017 that raised a total of 2.616 billion yuan, with a secondary market whose transaction volumes exceeded one hundred billion yuan. You’ll be able to only reference assets from the CDN URLs when request is coming from SharePoint On-line. Enterprise Improvement (20%): At least 10 % of enterprise improvement tokens might be used for third-get together improvement on Qtum, with the precise packages to be developed and managed by the Qtum Basis. The ICO ensures the info safety act and shortly the GDPR guidelines are being adopted correctly. These are the SharePoint Libraries set-up through PowerShell as the sources of recordsdata to serve by way of the SharePoint CDN. Which means pages hosted exterior of SharePoint Online (comparable to customized Azure Web Apps) can’t utilise the SharePoint CDN. It’s solely proper for the Chinese authorities to hunt protection for shoppers and forestall fraud, (however) confining capital raising to a specific established sector of finance … is to ignore the enormous societal value that blockchain technology can current,” stated Alex Bessonov of BitClave, a Silicon Valley-primarily based blockchain firm, which, he mentioned, is now discouraging Chinese language buyers. GDPR365 was began by lifelong software entrepreneurs who have built successful cloud-based mostly businesses involving massive volumes of sensitive personal information, and are therefore effectively-versed in the dangers concerned with managing information privacy. If you adored this article so you would like to collect more info with regards to wa… (www.cadca.org) generously visit our page. Nicola Wren, who was working at the time as an administrator at the Kent and Medway NHS and Social Care Partnership Trust, pleaded guilty to the offence of unlawfully accessing private knowledge beneath section fifty five of the Knowledge Protection Act 1998. The Spinbackup highest grade product portfolio helps SMBs, educational organizations, and enterprises implement the final word data safety and security management, all whereas enhancing consumer productiveness. At work the final wa… couple of weeks, I’ve been looking at how an Azure Public CDN (Content Delivery Network) and the newly-launched SharePoint On-line CDN can improve efficiency for geographically dispersed users in Workplace 365. For the SharePoint CDN to work, the referring page should be a SharePoint Online web page. In Dynamics 365(on-line), we use Net assets to add upload information to Dynamics 365 database and then reference them by identify. Additionally coming out of beta are the company’s instruments for managing e mail advertising campaigns (Microsoft Connections), creating invoices (Microsoft Invoicing) and preserving tabs on a enterprise’ on-line presence on search engines like google, social media and Yelp (Microsoft Listings). In an interview with Smith + Crown, the Qtum workforce gave three reasons for delaying the publication of their core code. 20 % shall be distributed to the founding team and early buyers and 29 p.c shall be used fund future research and improvement efforts. Password-Free Access Blockchain Single Signal On for G Suite and Workplace 365 (password-free access) – Probably the most safe knowledge leak protection answer that provides the ability to get access to SaaS information with out entering a login and password by way of an SSL certificate, with a excessive level of safety of the certificates itself in any respect stages – from release, to storage, to the client. Two massive blockchain events are using our resolution for ticket sales (FIAT & Bitcoin) — ICOHypethon by CryptoFriends & BlockShow Asia by Cointelegraph. How the varieties of users and implementation deployments impact the price of Microsoft Dynamics 365. Our vertical resolution is designed for the fashion, luxurious and textile sector, based mostly on Microsoft Dynamics 365 for Operations, the cutting fringe of innovation for the business of your company. The laws has already had grave ramifications for the Chinese virtual forex sector, with National Enterprise Every day reporting that a complete of seven out of 43 ICO platforms in China had introduced the suspension of ICO operations as of 20:00 4 September, together with the sector’s three market leaders. 5 group members do not seem to have simply discoverable online identities, including Neil Mahi, Dong Baiqiang, Mike Palencia, Amelie Zhao, and Time Markov. The va… speedy increase to virtually $10 million in less than seventy two hours, within the face of public skepticism in many English-talking blockchain communities, with the sale entirely by exchanges, doubtless means some exchanges bought in bulk to support an IOU trading market. Qtum has assembled an impressive advisory team from the Chinese language Blockchain industry. Category: Music Melodies     Tagged: Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Copyright © 2018 · All Rights Reserved · Kimmcel Reactions Profile Theme by Organic Themes · RSS Feed · Log in

This is the second on three articles on profitable Verium CPU mining. The first part provided an overview of Vericoin and Verium, looked at options for mining hardware and their profitability. The conclusion was that Odroid XU4s (referred to as XU4 from now on) provided the best profitability from comparison of both initial purchase price to hash rate and hash rate to power consumption. This part therefore looks at how to build a basic miner (scaled up to 40 XU4s) right from a list of parts to a fully working miner. It has been written to make it accessible to all, and no knowledge of the hardware, software or operating systems will be assumed. The next part is intended to look at how to take the basis miner described in this article and use Docker Containers and Docker Swarm to manage all the computers. Figure 1 below shows the complete system block diagram for the 40 XU4 miner. Some of the rest of this overview might start sounding a bit technical, but I will provide step by step instructions on how to do this and for those just wanting a working miner without the description then just jump to these instructions in the next section! As covered in the last article some home routers don't cope well with multiple WiFi clients, and most have around 4 wired ethernet ports on them. Given these limitations this miner has been designed around a Raspberry Pi 3 (referred to as “Pi3” from now on) that provides the miners link to the outside world (via its Wifi connection), with all the XU4s being on a private wired network controlled by the Pi3 via its wired ethernet connection.  To perform these functions the Pi3 runs a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server (to allow all the XU4s to be assigned Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and a Domain Name System  (DNS) server to allow easy use of host names for the XU4s instead of editing the hosts file on every machine. The Pi3 also provides routing functionality to both allow direct connections into each of the miners for debugging from my main computer (instead of logging into the Pi3 and going from there), but also to allow the XU4s access to the internet to download updates etc. The final function that the PI3 provides is to host the Verium wallet software, which provides the link to the Verium network and provides the XU4s with mining work to do (again more on that later!) The Pi 3 was chosen as the controller for three reasons over another XU4 - 1) it has built-in Wifi, saving buying a WifI dongle, 2) Price / performance, the controller doesn’t need the performance of an XU4 (with 40 clients the Verium wallet uses ~15% of the Pi 3 CPU) and the Pi3 is half the price, 3) related to two - I had already bought a Pi 3 to do performance tests on as per the last article! A couple of standard unmanaged 10/100 Mbps (read inexpensive) switches provide 48 ports of physical network connectivity, gigabit speed is not required in this application and so it would add unnecessary cost to the switches. Moreover the Pi3 doesn’t have gigabit ethernet anyway.40 XU4s provide the mining grunt by running Verium mining software that communicates with the wallet software on the Pi3. 4 off 40A 5v DC power supplies provide the juice to power the XU4s and the Pi3 via a set of custom power leads. This entire setup is mounted on an MDF base plate using a combination of threaded bar and spacers for the Pi3 and XU4s, good old velcro to hold down the power supplies / switches and a large number of cable ties to neaten everything up and make sure there is good airflow in the system. The rest of this article is split up into how to get each of these elements up and running and then how to bring them together into a working system. The base plate will be covered first so that all the other bits can be integrated onto it as they are completed. A complete Bill of Materials (BoM) is provided at the end. For those wishing to make smaller scale miners then the instructions can still be followed, but just using the parts that you need. Single miners can also be made by moving the Verium wallet software onto one of the XU4’s and mining to the localhost address. These baseplate instructions assume that the items used to build the miner are as per the BoM at the end of this article. If different parts are being used that are different sizes then this instructions will have to be adjusted accordingly. It also assumes that you are building a 40 XU4 scale miner. If you are not planning on having that many XU4s to start off with then it doesn’t hurt to make the baseplate so that the miner is scalable later - it’s only a few extra holes to drill! Figure 2 shows the baseplate layout and the hole positions and sizes that need to be drilled into it. I used a piece of 18mm MDF for my baseplate (mainly because it was in the garage!) but something that thick or thicker is probably a good idea as the finished miner is pretty heavy. The RPi3 can be put roughly where it is on the baseplate - the easiest way is to use its holes as a template, just make sure the USB power cable won’t foul any of the XU4 mounting posts and you’re good to go. The XU4 mounting information can be found below in case you want to make a different layout: I couldn’t find any 3mm insert nuts so went for a glue in method instead as they aren't really load bearing. If you can get hold of 3mm insert nuts then can use them instead with appropriate adjustments in hole sizes. As I didn't want the 3mm threaded bar holes to go through the board I used tape wrapped multiple times round the drill bit about 12mm from the end to get them the right depth. Apart from that just drill the holes and tidy up any messy bits where the drill bit breaks through. Be careful to be accurate on the hole locations though as having them off by too much will cause issues mounting the XU4s / Pi3 as the holes won’t line up. Step 1.1: Cut out a piece of MDF as per the dimensions in Figure 2. Step 1.2: Drill all the holes in the MDF as per Figure 2. Step 1.3: Screw the M6 insert nuts into the 8mm pilot holes (using an allen key) on the baseplate for the power supply riser board supports.  Step 1.4: Cut 4 of the 1m lengths of 3mm threaded bar into 320mm lengths, and keep the ~40mm spare pieces. The 12x320mm lengths are for for mounting the XU4s on the left hand side (looking from the power supply end of the baseplate), and the 4x40mm lengths are for mounting the Pi3. Step 1.5: Cut the other 4 1m lengths of 3mm threaded bar into 300mm lengths and discard the spare pieces. The 12x300mm lengths are for mounting the XU4s on the right hand side.  Step 1.6: Cut 4 150mm lengths of 6mm threaded bar. These are used to hold the power supply riser board in place. Step 1.7: Thread a 3mm nut onto each of the 24 lengths of threaded bar until it is about 15mm from one end. Make sure that a nut can be put on the other end as well, but then take it off again. Cut ends are sometimes tricky to get the nut onto, if it won’t go then thread the nut from the other end and off the end that wouldn’t work to clear the thread out. Step 1.8: Squirt some No More Nails (or suitable equivalent) into each of the first four holes for the 3mm threaded bar and insert the one of bars into each of the holes (nut end down). Push it in as far as it will go then thread the nut down to be level with the board (i.e. in the No More Nails glue) to give it a bit more strength. Repeat for all the other 3mm threaded bars, remembering 300mm lengths on the right hand side and 320mm lengths on the left hand side (when looking from the power supply end of the baseplate). Step 1.9: Thread a 6mm nut onto each piece of 6mm threaded bar until it is about 15mm from one end. Make sure another one can go on the other end (as per Step 1.7 above). Step 1.10: Screw one of the 6mm threaded bars (nut end down) into each of the insert nuts until the nut on the bar touches the insert nut, and then tighten the nut on the bar onto the insert nut using a spanner to lock the bar in place. Repeat for all the other 6mm threaded bars. Step 1.11: Thread a 6mm nut onto each of the the 6mm bars until it is about 100mm above the baseplate. This will provide the support for the power supply riser board so make sure each of the nuts is level with each other. The finishes the baseplate and now it just needs to be left for the glue to set. I left mine overnight as the bars get a fair bit of wiggling when the rest is assembled onto them so wanted the glue fully dry.   Now that the baseplate is finished the rest of the miner can start to be assembled onto it. First to go on are the network switches. I used two TP-LINK 24-Port 10/100 Mbps switches, specifically model number TL-SF1024D which can be bought for ~£30. The switches aren’t goign to be heavily loaded, no management features were needed for this very simple network but a decent number of ports were needed cheaply. This lead to the TP-LINK switches which ticked these all the boxes, seemed to have decent reviews and is passively cooled. Two 24 port switches were selected rather than one 48 port switch to make network cabling easier by stacking the switches on top of each other, one facing the left hand side bank of miners and the other facing the right hand side bank.  Each switch is simply fixed with double sided sticky back velcro. Step 2.1: Stick the hooks and loop sides of the velcro together and cut off eight squares.  Step 2.2: Peel off one side of the backing and stick one square in each corner of both of the switches and press down.  Step 2.3: Peel the other backing off the velcro squares on one switch and stick it to the baseplate in the space marked for the switch and press down, making sure the ports are facing the right way - looking from the power supply end of the baseplate the ports must face to the right hand side of the baseplate.  Step 2.4: Mount the other switch directly on top of the first one, so peel off the backing and stick that one down with the ports facing the opposite side, i.e. to the left when looking from the power supply end. Now plug in the power cables (they will be tricky to get in later if you don't believe me!) and leave them hanging over the edge of the board. The power supplies are mounted next. Each XU4 is rated at 4A, this includes power to run USB peripherals as well, but this application will also be running the CPU pretty hard and a stable power supply is needed. With 40 XU4s that means ~160A of 5V power is needed. The Pi3 power needs is in the noise compared to this but is somewhere in the region of 2A. A number of power supply options were looked at, from using the individual wall-wart adapters that came with the XU4s (too many plug sockets and not as efficient as larger supplies), through PC ATX power supplies (nominally efficient, but most of the power rating is on the 12V rails so hard to get into the best efficiency range just drawing from the 5V rail and DC-DC converters to step the 12V down to 5V are expensive), finally settling on 5V switch mode power supplies as the best price / efficiency / size answer.  After looking through various suppliers websites and spec sheets the LRS-200-5 supply was picked. This gives 40A of 5V at 87% efficiency for less than £30, with free air cooling, i.e. no fan. Higher current rating supplies are available but the price per amp is less favorable and they start requiring active cooling (every fan uses power!). With a 40A rating 4 of these supplies are needed for this miner, powering 10 XU4s each, and one also powers the Pi3. It should be noted that these are semi-enclosed power supplies that are designed to be included in equipment and so it’s pretty easy to poke things into the live parts, and the mains input is via exposed terminal block so also easy to touch. This means that if you have children / pets about then some additional safety protection is going to be needed for these supplies unless it is certain that this miner is well out of reach - for adults just don't touch the mains terminals or poke stuff through the holes when they are powered up! With that said the supplies are mounted in exactly the same was as the network switches. Step 2.5: Put one double sided sticky back velcro square on each corner of each power supply. Step 2.6: Stick two to the baseplate with the terminal blocks facing each other. Step 2.7: Stick the other two to the power supply riser board, again with the terminal blocks facing each other. The power supply riser should be left off at this stage as need to get to the terminal block on the lower power supplies to cable them up first.  Step 2.8: Connect the mains leads to each power supply (including an earth connection).  Step 2.9: Cable tie down via the hole in the baseplate and power supply riser board near the terminal block.  Step 2.10: Put a layer of electrical insulating tape over the exposed mains terminal block connectors to prevent accidental touching, but as above additional protection may be required depending on your circumstances.  For ease the Pi3 controller is configured off the base plate and then installed at the end once its all working. I’ve provided line by line instructions here to allow those less technical to follow them. Having said that I’m no expert on linux - the instructions have been collated and tailored from a variety of forums / websites (see references) - so any corrections better ways of doing this then please provide them, and I will update and credit you with the changes! I'm also assuming Windows is running on the machine that will be used to install everything from, but will link to the places for linux and mac instructions. The IP address of the Pi3 on your network is assumed to be 192.168.123.20 in all the commands in this section. When following this guide you will need to replace this IP address with the one your Pi3 has on your network - see Step 3.6 for getting the initial wired ethernet IP address, and Step 3.16 for getting the wireless ethernet address. Note that these will almost certainly be different, but both have been assumed to be 192.168.123.20 for simplicity of writing.  To get the controller up and running you will need a Pi3, a Pi3 power supply, a microSD memory card (8GB), a card reader that can take microSD cards, a computer to write the microSD card, a network cable, a spare port on your router/switch, a USB keyboard and display with a HDMI connection and suitable cable. If you don't have the USB keyboard and HDMI cable then you can use Step 3.5 to remote connect from your computer, it just involves poking around in your router to find the Pi3’s IP address first, so might seem a bit more complicated. Step 3.1: Download a copy of the latest Raspbian Lite OS image (Jessie at the time of writing) from here https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/ to your computer and note where its put. Once downloaded go to that folder and extract it, by right clicking on it and selecting “extract all”, keep the default folder (or put it where you want the image) and click extract. You should now have an image (.img) file in the folder. Step 3.2: Download Win32DiskImager from here https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/. Run the installer, click next, accept the license agreement and click next, leave the install location as the default and click next, leave the folder as the default and click next, leave the desktop icon box ticked and click next, click install, untick the “view readme” checkbox and click finish. You should now have a running Win32DiskImager programme. If you get an error that’s probably because the programme needs admin privileges to run, so click ok on the error, locate the Win32DiskImager icon on the desktop, and double click to run it, click yes on the dialog box that appears and you will be up and running.  Step 3.3: Insert the microSD card into the card reader, and plug the card reader into the computer. A new drive should show up in windows explorer, make of note of the drive letter. Now switch to Win32DiskImager and select that drive letter in the “Drive” drop down box in the top right of the programme. Now select the folder icon next to it and browse to where you extracted the operating system image to in Step 3.1, select the file and click “open”. Now click “write”, accept the warning and wait for it to finish. Now eject the card reader by clicking the “safely remove hardware” icon in the task tray area, select the card reader and then select “eject”. You now have a micoSD card with the operating system on it. For Linux and Mac - follow the instructions here: es/README.md Step 3.4: To connect to the Pi3 without having to use a keyboard and display you will need to use a Secure Shell (SSH) programme. PuTTY is my programme of choice which can be downloaded from here http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html. There is nothing to extract or install this is just the programme you need ready to run. Linux and Mac already have SSH installed, which is accessed via the terminal.  Step 3.5: Insert the microSD card from Step 3.3 into the Pi3, plug one end of the network cable into the Pi3 and the other end into your router/switch, plug in the USB keyboard and connect up the HDMI cable to the display and Pi3 (if using), then plug in the power supply to the Pi3 and then plug the power supply into the mains supply. All being well you will now have working Pi3 - the red LED should be on (good power), the green LED should be flashing (microSD card activity) and some activity on the wired ethernet port LEDs. If you used an external display then skip Step 3.6. Step 3.6: Log-in to your router. This can be done by typing in the IP address of the router into your browser, e.g. 192.168.123.1 or similar. The IP of your router can be found in Windows by the following steps: press the windows key + R, then type “cmd” without the quotes in the “Run” dialog box and press OK, then type “ipconfig” without the quotes and press enter. The router’s IP address if the one under the “Default Gateway” section of the information listed. Other operating systems instructions are here -any-computer-smartphone-or-tablet/. Enter the username and password for the router (probably written on the bottom of the router if you have been particularly insecure and not changed it…). Look for the section that shows the connected devices (under “Attached Devices” on my netgear router) and look for the device named “raspberrypi” and make a note of its IP address. Open up PuTTY (see Step 3.4) and type this IP address into the “Host Hame (or IP address)”, make sure “Port” is 22 and then click “Open” to connect. For Linux and Mac open a terminal window and type: For all connections you will now be asked to confirm the identify of the machine with a message something like the following (the key fingerprint will be different for your machine): Step 3.7: If you have connected to an external display you will have a prompt on-screen asking now for a username and then a password, if you have used PuTTY then you will also be asked for a username and then a password, if using SSH from Linux or Mac you have already passed the username in the ssh command so will just be asked for the password. The default username and password for the Pi3 are “pi” and “raspberry” respectively (without the quotes), so enter them as requested and confirm identity as per Step 3.6. You are now logged into your Pi3. Step 3.8: Next is to update the Pi3 to the latest versions of everything that is already installed. Type: The first part of this command “sudo” runs this as the superuser, i.e. will the elevated privileges needed  and “apt-get update” gets the list of latest versions of all the packages (similar to getting the latest installer files on windows) that are available. The “&&” tells the machine to execute the next part if, and only if, the previous one has completed successfully. The next part “sudo apt-get upgrade -y” uses the refreshed package list to update everything that is already installed to the latest version, and the “-y” on the end removes the yes/no prompt about upgrading. The last part “sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -f -y” handles any changed dependencies between packages that are needed when upgrading, with the “-f” forcing any missing packages and the “-y” doing the same as before. Step 3.9: Depending on how you have your network configured / who has access to it you may want to set up a firewall on the Pi3 to limit connections to/from it. A guide for this is here: https://wiki.debian.org/Uncomplicated%20Firewall%20(ufw) but has been left out of this article for three reasons 1) to make it simpler,  2) a home setup with a firewall built into the router probably won’t need it, 3)  network address translation is used and 4) it adds extra steps in debugging if things don't work. If it is needed then you should be ok getting it up and running! The Verium wallet is installed next as it needs time to download and process the blockchain - this can be quite slow on the Pi3 because of its limited resources so is done first to get it up and running as quickly as possible. Step 3.10: The build environment and dependencies for building Verium are installed by typing: “apt-get install” attempts to install all the packages (think of it as a compressed collection of all the files required for a particular programme) that are listed after the command. It is left to the reader to work out what all the packages installed here do, simple google searches will turn the information up if you’re interested. Step 3.11: The source for the Verium wallet can now be downloaded by typing: Step 3.12: Once that has completed it can then be built by typing the following commands: This will take a while to build, there should be no errors but will be a few warnings which can be safely ignored. If there are errors then make sure all the preceding steps have been carried out correctly and retry. Once it’s finished type: Which lists all the files in the directory. “veriumd” will be one of the files in there if all has gone well. This is the Verium “daemon” which means that it is a programme that can run as a background process without direct user control.  Step 3.13: The Verium configuration file is created next by typing: “nano” is a text editor programme and the filename after it is the one that it opens for editing. In the editor type the following into the file, then save and exit by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return: The two “addnode” lines give a couple of starting nodes to allow the wallet to start synchronising. “server” tells the Verium wallet to accept JSON-Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) (http://www.jsonrpc.org/ if you want unnecessary detail!). “daemon” runs the wallet as a daemon, i.e. a background task. “rpcuser” and “rpcpassword” are the username and password that are needed to communicate with the wallet via RPC commands - these can/should be changed (and arent the same as the ones I used!), just remember what they are as they will be needed when setting up the miners later. The two “rpcallowip” lines provide permission for IP address ranges to access the miner via RPC, all other IP addresses will be denied. The “172.16.0.*” entry provides access to all the miners as this is the IP address range that will be configured for them later. “192.168.123.*” provides access for the XU4 as it is being built and tested, this line can be removed or commented out later or left in. “localhost” provides access from the Pi3 to allow checking of the status of the wallet from that machine.  Step 3.14: Now the wallet is built and has a configuration file the wallet can be started by typing: A message should be returned saying “server starting”. The wallet will now connect to the network and download the blockchain. As stated above this can be very slow on the Pi3. Progress can be checked by looking at processor load by typing: The “top” command shows all processes running, ordered by CPU usage (by default). The process “veriumd” should be using approximately 100% CPU, shortly after starting. If it is things are looking good, so exit top with ctrl-c. Progress on loading the blockchain can then be examined using the following command: This sends the RPC command “getinfo” to the verium wallet, and prints out the response. This command might be slow to respond whilst the blockchain is downloading, and initially may just return an error message. If it does return an error message, but “veriumd” is using CPU as above then just wait a while and try again.  Whilst waiting for the blockchain to download the rest of the Pi3 can be set up. Step 3.15: Now the wallet needs to be setup to automatically start up at power-on, just in case the Pi3 crashes or reboots unexpectedly. This is done by adding commands to the rc.local file. The commands in this file are run at startup. Edit rc.local by tying: In the editor add the following line to the file just above the line that says “exit 0”, then save and exit by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return: Commands started from rc.local are, by default, run as the root user and that isnt needed or desired for running the Verium wallet software. The command “sudo -H -u pi” tells the system to run the command as the user “pi” and to set the home directory for the user (which isn’t configured at this point in the Pi3 boot sequence). “/home/pi/verium/src/veriumd” is the file path to the verium software that is to be executed. Step 3.16: As stated above WiFi will be the method used to connect the Pi3 to the internet and the wired connection will be the one used to connect to the XU4s so now the WiFi needs to be set up and then the Pi3 internet connection can be swapped over to that so the blockchain can carry on downloading whilst the wired network is set up. These instructions are copied from here ess-cli.md which has explanations of what the commands do and limited trouble shooting. So see there for more details. Otherwise the commands below can just be followed, Start by type the following command to list the WiFi networks that are in range: Your WiFi network should be in this list under on of the “ESSID” entries. Next the confg file that controls connections to WiFi needs to be edited to include this network, so type: Where your_wifi_network_ESSID is the name of your network and Your_wifi_password is your WiFi password. The quotes around these items stay there in the file. Again this information is probably written on the bottom of the router if it hasn’t been changed. Save and exit the file by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return. The Pi3 should pick up the new settings in a minute or so or they can be forced by taking the WiFi adaptor up and down again by typing the following commands: Finally make sure the WiFi is connected by typing: In the output from that command if “inet addr” has an IP address next to it then WiFi is working. Make a note of this address as this will be the address that is used to connect to the Pi3 from now on. As stated above for this guide this is assumed to be 192.168.123.20 but this will be different for your setup, not least because this is also the address that the wired ethernet is currently using as well! Assuming WiFi is working then the wired Ethernet connection can now be disconnected. This will (obviously!) break the SSH connection, so SSH back into the Pi3 using the WiFi IP address and accept the new fingerprint as per Step 3.16. Now check that the wallet software has successfully transitioned to the WiFi connection by typing the following command twice and making sure that the “blockcount” in the output from the command goes up between each command or if this guide has taken a long time then the blockchain might be synchronised if the “blockcount” matches the block height here https://chainz.cryptoid.info/vrm/ In this command the “~” is shorthand for typing in the current user’s home directory, i.e. “/home/pi/”. If there are problems the easiest way is now to reboot as everything will start up automatically. So type and then SSH back in again after the Pi3 has rebooted: Step 3.17: Now that the connection to the Pi3 is via Wifi the wired ethernet side of the network can be set up. To get this working a private network will be set up on the wired ethernet side to join all the XU4’s to and the internet connection on the WiFi will be shared to this private network. As covered in the System Overview section this needs a DHCP server, a DNS server and routing to be set up between the two networks. This section is adapted from this guide here https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=132674. First up is the dnsmasq utility which is used to provide DNS and DHCP functionality. Full info on this utility can be found here http://www.thekelleys.org.uk/dnsmasq/doc.html. To install type: Now the IP address of the wired ethernet connection is made static (fixed) so that the XU4’s that will be clients of the DNS and DHCP servers will always have the same address to use (when doing renewals of the lease of their IP address etc. but getting into unnecessary details!). So edit the network interfaces file by typing: Now scroll down this file until you find the line describing the wired interface. This will be something like “iface eth0 inet dhcp”. This line currently tells the Pi3 to use DHCP for the wired ethernet interface (represented by “eth0”) to automatically get an IP address for it, which isn’t what is needed so comment out this line by adding a “#” to the beginning of the line. The  makes any line starting with it a comment. Now add the following lines to the file straight after the line just commented out: The first line “allow-hotplug eth0” tells the Pi3 to start the interface when an event is detected, such as when the cable is plugged in. The next line “iface eth0 inet static” tells the RPi3 to use a static IP address for the wired interface, and the next four lines set the configuration of interface. “address 172.16.0.1” is the actual IP address to be used 172.16.0.1, “netmask” defines the subnet or the range of IP addresses that the RPi3 can communicate with, in this case 172.16.0.1 to 172.16.0.255 and “broadcast” defines the broadcast address which means that anything sent to that address is sent to all the hosts on that subnet (as defined by netmask). Google “ipv4 networking basics” or similar to get more information. Save and exit the file by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return. Next up is setting up dnsmasq, so make a copy of the original dsnmasq configuration file by typing: The “mv” command is used to moves the file to a new one in the same place, just with a different name. Now a new configuration file is created and opened for editing by typing: Add the following lines to the file - the comments after the “#” on each line explains what each lines does. Save and exit the file by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return. Next is setting up routing between the WiFi and wired ethernet links. So open the configuration file by typing: Find the following line and uncomment it by removing the “#” at the beginning of the line to make it look like the line below. Save and exit the file by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return. This line tells the Pi3 to route, i.e. forward, any packets of data that it gets on one of the network interfaces that doesn’t have an addresses on that network out over the other interface. In this example the WiFi interface has the address 192.168.123.20 and a netmask of 255.255.255.0, which means that valid addresses for this interface are in the range 192.168.123.1 to 192.168.123.255. If a packet with an address of 172.16.0.3 arrives at the WiFi interface then the Pi3 will forward that packet out over the wired interface to see if the right destination can be found on that network. Next is setting up iptables to do network address translation, so type: “iptables” is a firewall utility that is used here to do network address translation. “-t nat” selects the network address translation table, “-A POSTROUTING” appends to the POSTROUTING chain, “-o wlan0” selects the output adaptor as wlan0, i.e the WiFi adaptor and “-j MASQUERADE” jumps to the MASQUERADE target which looks up the IP address of the wlan0 each time and translates the packet to that address, doing port translation as required, so that each of the IP addresses on the wired ethernet side can reach the WiFi network by using that same IP address as the WiFi adapter. Ports are translated so that each packet coming back in can be appropriately routed back to the right IP address on the wired network, e.g. if 172.16.0.3 is communicating on port 4567 and 172.16.0.4 is also communicating on port 4567 packets for each will be routed to 192.168.123.20 (the WiFi interface) and then have their IP addresses changed to be 192.168.123.20 and their ports changed to be unique, e.g. packets from 172.16.0.3 use port 4567 and those from 172.16.0.4 use 4568, so that when packets come back on 192.168.123.20:4568 iptables knows to route them back to 172.16.0.4:4567 Next up is configure the iptables settings to load on reboot (as they are only stored in memory currently) by first typing: This runs the “iptables-save” command which writes to stdout, the “>” pipes, i.e. writes, this to the file “/etc/iptables.ipv4.nat” Then a hook file is created to restore the state of iptables on reboot, type: In the file add the line below then save and exit the file by pressing ctrl-x, then pressing y and then pressing return. Test the configuration by rebooting the RPi3 by typing: When the Pi3 comes back up anything plugged into the wired ethernet should have internet access via the WiFi connection. Test it with a computer plugged in, or wait to test with an XU4 in the next section. Step 3.18: The last bit to set up is a utility called “pssh” or parallel ssh. This allows multiple linux hosts to be passed the same command in parallel via ssh. Very useful when there are 40 XU4s that need to be controlled! First up is installing the python package manager (pip) so type: Next up install pssh itself, so type: That is now all ready to go. A hosts file will be set up later to allow this to be used, but the XU4 host names will be configured in the next section. The second half of this article can be found here: -computers-part-2b WOW, great Job. I just start on this topic and your post was a real good read... Join us at our slack channel for help and more info http://slack.vericoin.info/

How to integrate D-Apps with Blockchain Ethereum?May 27, 2019BlockchainAbstract:The intended audience of this article includes beginners, designers, developers, testers, business analysts, project managers who have the desire to learn Blockchain. How D-Apps integrated with Blockchain Ethereum network? How to write, compile, migrate and test smart contracts over Blockchain Ethereum network? How to install the Ethereum test platform? How to sort out all dependencies and browser extensions to see a running D-App on your local system and talking to Blockchain Ethereum network? I will be sharing an example decentralized application during the course of this article.Introduction: Before getting into details of how all pieces and components in Blockchain based decentralized application works, It is first important to understand what these components are and why these are required to develop D-Apps with Blockchain. Blockchain is popularly known in developing projects related to Cryptocurrency such as Bit-coins, Ethers, PotCoin, LiteCoin, DigitalNote etc. however, it is also a key technology in developing D-Apps for various verticals like Gaming, Banking, Healthcare, Real estate, Ride Sharing, Legal, Politics, Education and of course many more, what it is all set to disrupt.What is Blockchain:As its name suggests, Blockchain is a chain of Blocks. A Block is nothing but a set of transactional data, which is secured in a cryptographic manner using Hash-key 256. These Blocks keep on adding on ones own machine with every single transaction processed on Blockchain network. This data can be accessed by a particular user using an account in the form of a private key associated with their wallet. Though, the data is publically available to all the users over the Blockchain network. But, how these Blocks sits upon ones machine, I would explain in this article later, in a combined paragraph with other components as part of Blockchain architecture.What is Blockchain Ethereum: Blockchain Ethereum is a network, which supposes to be installed on the users machine to make sure that Blockchain is running on that particular machine. If Blockchain is not running on a machine then it is impossible to migrate (or say deploy in other terms) smart contacts over Blockchain. This means that you can neither read nor write to a Blockchain, what a smart contract suppose to do with running Blockchain network. I would be explaining it further in this article, at a later stage.What is a Smart Contract: A smart contract is the piece of code, which ensures to read or write data to Blocks on a Blockchain network. The Smart Contracts also consist of business rules, which ensures and validates users transactions over a Blockchain. How to write smart contracts and why it is extremely important to write defect-free smart contracts, I would be addressing in a special paragraph of Essentials To Know, in this article.What is gas:In Blockchain terminology, gas is fee/money what you need to migrate a smart contract over Blockchain network. It is usually pointed towards cryptocurrency like Ethers, which is required when your smart contract supposes to write data on Blockchain. This could be referred to as Ethers or Bitcoins. Before every smart contract to migrate, your wallet has been checked for an adequate amount of gas (Ethers), what you possess at the time of migration. If it is lesser than the desired amount for a smart contract to be migrated, then in that case, the smart contract will not deploy over running Blockchain.Now, lets be through with some more services associated with Blockchain, which is good to know. Though, I have not included any of these additional services in my example code.What is Escrow Account:An escrow account holds by an escrow agent, which sits in between buyer and seller during cryptocurrency transactions, to make sure that transaction is secure, authenticated and fair. There are some platforms provide escrow services, one of them is Feelium. The buyer purchases tokens from the escrow service platform against Fiat currency and deposits the same into an escrow account with his wallet private key. As soon as, a smart contract between buyer and seller signed, the seller submits proof of delivery of cryptocurrency to escrow service. The escrow service, in turn, prompts a notification to the buyer to release funds in form tokens, what has been purchased against fiat money by the buyer and deposited in his wallet account. In case of default from the buyer, the escrow service makes sure to pay the fiat money to the seller against the transfer of cryptocurrency made by the seller.What is KYC in cryptocurrency transactions:KYC is known as know your customer. There are some platforms like Civic, which provides these services to ensure that both buyer and seller are authenticated. Buyer and seller can upload their documents, biometrics etc to escrow agent using this service.What is Fiat currency:Fiat currency is a legal tender and backed by the central government of a country, regulated by a central authority like a central bank. For example Dollars. This can be traded physically as a paper printed currency or electronically traded like a bank credit/transfer etc.What is Crypto Mining:Crypto mining or cryptocurrency mining is a term associated with miners (hardcore Blockchain developers), who are connected to Blockchain and authenticate that a recent transaction has been processed securely and safely. In cryptocurrency trading, every single transaction with every single ownership of cryptocurrency gets recorded to Blockchain digital ledger. This updated ledger is available publically to all the nodes (a machine) connected in a Blockchain network. The cryptocurrency transactions are highly secure with a cryptographic mechanism. A miner competes with other miners to crack the code by solving complicated mathematical problems using cryptographic hash functions. The miner who first announces the authenticity of a cryptocurrency transaction is awarded a fee in the form of some cryptocurrency.How Blockchain works The architecture and its components:To understand it, just think of a centralized application, where you have deployed your application over a centralized web server/container with one common database. Then, you provide users with a frontend UI, using which users perform the action on UI. These actions first call the APIs integrated with UI components, which in turn, access some business delegates (business logic classes) or DB directly or having some ORM (Object Relational Mapping) layer in between before accessing DB. This way, user view, write, update and delete data in a centralized database.Now, you need to replace above-mentioned components in various tiers with Blockchain components. Please follow bullets below1. Blocks of data, in a Blockchain are nothing but your Database but this is decentralized. Why this is decentralized because it stays on your own machine, once you install a Blockchain network like Ethereum to ensure Blockchain is running on your machine. Your machine merely becomes a Node on the Blockchain network and connected with other Nodes (other machines on Blockchain network) in a peer to peer fashion.For your understanding, in peer to peer network, a machine talks with another machine without having need of centralized server in between. For example, hopefully, you must be aware of Whats App, a very popular chat and audio/video calling application, which also use the strength of peer to peer network but that doesnt use Blockchain and use XMPP servers. I, only, quoted Whats App for the sake of giving an example of a peer to peer network as for now it has nothing to with Blockchain.2. Next, replace business delegates/business logic in above-centralized architecture with Smart Contracts, which would be performing read/write operation on data in blocks. You need to make sure that your smart contracts are well deployed over a running Blockchain.3. The next thing in line is UI. The user interface (client-side application), what you are providing users as D-Apps (Decentralized Applications). Now, you must be wondering that how D-Apps would connect to smart contracts over a Blockchain? Here comes the answer, in the Blockchain scheme of things, there are some open source libraries available, which are nothing but a form of APIs. One such library is web3.js. These libraries connect frontend of a D-App with smart contracts. As explained above, a smart contract is a component to read/write over a Blockchain. Hence, your client-side D-App, is now connected end to end with a running Blockchain network on your machine.I believe, you have got some understanding of Blockchain architecture, till this point. But to achieve a running Blockchain and integrating your D-App with Blockchain, you will need to install a number of dependencies and browser extension to make it work.List of Dependencies:Before jumping into code snippets in this article, lets discuss some of the dependencies what and why you just need to integrate a D-App with Blockchain network.A. Node Package Manager:In order to run D-App, this is required to be installed.To check, if it is already installed on your system then run following commandLinux (Ubuntu):$ node -vIf require to install, run command, as given below$ sudo apt-get install nodejsOn a windows machine, you can download windows installer for the same.B. Truffle Framework:This framework is key. This will provide us the capability to compile and migrate/deploy smart contracts over running Blockchain Ethereum network on your machine, which is written using programming language Solidity. Following is the command to install it.Linux:$ npm install -g truffleWindows:npm install -g truffleC. Ganache:This is locally available in memory Blockchain Ethereum network on your development machine, which provide 10 external accounts with addresses. Every account has been provided with 100 test Ethers. You can install it from Truffle framework website both for Windows and Linux systems. This installation will provide you test Blockchain Ethereum network/platform running on your local machine.Just for sharing, you can also install geth for your system to see a real running Blockchain Ethereum and can create your wallet account. But, we are not using it in our examples so you can avoid it for now. To see geth is running, if installed, you can use following commandgeth rpcD. Metamask: This is required in order to connect to a running Blockchain Ethereum network from the Chrome browser and its an extension to be added to Chrome. As Blockchain is a network. This will enable the browser to connect to local Blockchain Ethereum network and allow D-Apps to interact with smart contracts using your personal account. How to configure it, I will explain it later in this article.E. Install web3.jsThis is the APIs library, which sits between your client-side D-APP and smart contract. Please use the following command to install web3.js. This will get install under node_modules directory.npminstallweb3F. Solidity and Sublime Text:Solidity is the programming language what we would be used to implement smart contracts. Sublime is the IDE. Install it as per your OS requirements.Now, lets move to example code snippets for a small test decentralized application with following steps.Step 1:Create a project directory and set this directory as the current directory.Linux:$ mkdir survey$ cd surveyWindows:md surveycd surveyStep 2:As, we are within the project, now its time to install a Truffle Box inside this project directory. We will install and go for Pet Shop Box, provided by Truffle. Please use the command below.Linux:$ truffle unbox pet-shopWindows:truffle unbox pet-shopFollowing is the image of what all pet shop box has installed in the project directory.Lets go through some directories and files of importance to know, what all they meant for.contracts:This is the directory where we are going to save all of the smart contracts, what we are creating. By default, there is a smart contract migration.sol, which empowers migration or deployment of smart contacts, implemented by us, to Blockchain network.migrations: To have a smart contract deployed over Blockchain, we need to migrate that smart contract. Hence, the migration file for a corresponding smart contract placed here. These files are javascript files. As soon as, a smart contract migrate over Blockchain, it changes the state of Blockchain. The most important point to note here, while implementing a migration file, is to start that file with a number. By default, 1_initial_migration.js is the first migration file, which initiates the migration process of smart contracts. Its naming convention starts with the numeric number 1. This means, the next smart contract what you want to migrate next, will have corresponding migration file starting with the numeric number 2. Hence, the sequence goes like 3, 4, 5 etc. as per your requirement that sets migrations process to be executed in a sequenced manner starting with the numeric number 1.node_modules:All node related dependencies stay here.src:In this directory, we keep the code of our client-side application., which includes HTML, CSS, JS etc. files.test:In this directory, we keep files what we coded to write automated unit tests to test smart contracts.truffle-config.jsThis is Truffle project configuration file. Though, you can add a number of defined configurations here but for this article, we just need to check network settings related parameters.All set, now start with implementing our first smart contract. We are doing an example survey between Metro Rail and Rapid Rail as a mode of public transport to poll that which system is most preferred by the public. We will start adding Metro Rail first in the smart contract and then add Rapid Rail to further update this smart contract.Step 3:Create a file with file name Survey.sol and save it in contracts directory. This file is being coded using Solidity. Please have following lines of code inside this file.// I am using solidity version as 0.x.0 in this example to avoid compilation error, as, if I am // using a version here which is lower than Truffle compiler version then it will give a// compilation error.pragma solidity 0.x.0;contract Survey {string public metro;// Constructor starting solidity version 0.4.2, you need to define constructor as given // below, while earlier you can define constructor as same name of the smart contract, // what you define above. But, this is deprecated now.constructor () public {metro = Metro Rail;}}Step 4:Now, we will implement a javascript migration file for this smart contract to migrate it to Blockchain.Create a new file with the name 2_deploy_smartcontract.js and save it in migrations directory. Please enter following lines of code in this file.var Survey = artifacts.require(./Survey.sol);module.exports = function(deployer) {deployer.deploy(Survey);};Step 5:Before running migration command, you must need to ensure following. Please make sure that local Blockchain Ethereum network is running on your machine. Remember, we have installed Ganache to install and run a Blockchain network locally on our system. Make sure, Ganache set up is running, if not yet, then start it. If Blockchain is not running then you wont be able to migrate your smart contract. Please check for host, port and network_id parameters in truffle-config.js file. These parameters match as per your local machine network settings or not. The network_id would be * by default, meaning any network, but you should reset it to Ganache Network id, which is 5777. Please make sure to add your project in Ganache by adding truffle-config.js file in Ganache settings.Step 6:Run following command to migrate smart contract, what you have just created.$ truffle migrate (Linux)or truffle migrate (Windows)This command will first compile your smart contract file and then deploy the same to Blockchain Ethereum, which you ensure is running on your local machine.Step 7:To test the migration has been done successfully over a console in command prompt or bash, please run following commands in a given order and you will see the output as Metro Rail.Linux:$ truffle consoleSurvey.deployed().then(function(instance) { app = instance })app.survey()Windows:truffle consoleSurvey.deployed().then(function(instance) { app = instance })app.survey()Fantastic, now, not only your first smart contract is implemented and deployed over Blockchain by you but also you have retrieved data of it.Step 8: Lets enlarge our smart contract now by adding code for Rapid Rail system. Please update your Survey.sol file with newer code as given below.pragma solidity 0.x.0;contract Survey {struct Transport {uint uid;string sname;uint pollCount;}mapping(uint => Transport) public transports;uint public transportsCount;constructor () public {addTransport(Metro Rail);addTransport(Rapid Rail);}function addTransport (string memory _name) private {transportsCount ++;transports[transportsCount] = Transport(transportsCount, _name, 0);}}Step 9:Rest everything remains the same, but you have to re-migrate your smart contract over Blockchain with following command to see it working.$ truffle migrate reset (Linux)truffle migrate reset (Windows)Step 10:Excellent, but would you like to write unit tests for your smart contract to see your tests pass or fail as output over command prompt. We will write a very simple test for it. Why writing unit tests for smart contracts is important, you can find in paragraph Essential To Know at the last.We will write a unit test to check the following.1. To check that the contract has been initialized with the correct number of transport systems for this survey and the number of transport medium has been counted as 2 in this survey.2. That each transport medium has a correct id, poll count and name.For this purpose, create a file with filename survey.js and save it under test directory. Please enter following lines of code in this file.var Survey = artifacts.require(./Survey.sol);contract(Survey, function(accounts) {var surveyExample;it(two transports has been initialized, function() {return Survey.deployed().then(function(instance) {return instance.transportsCount();}).then(function(count) {assert.equal(count, 2);});});it(transport medium has been initialized with correct values, function() {return Survey.deployed().then(function(instance) {surveyExample = instance;return surveyExample.transports(1);}).then(function(transport) {assert.equal(transport [0], 1, Its a correct id);assert.equal(transport [1], Metro Rail, Its a correct name);assert.equal(transport [2], 0, Its the correct polls count);return surveyExample.transports(2);}).then(function(transport) {assert.equal(transport [0], 2, Its a correct id);assert.equal(transport [1], Rapid Rail, Its a correct name);assert.equal(transport [2], 0, Its the correct polls count);});});});Lets run this command now.$ truffle test (Linux)truffle test (Windows)Here, we are done with unit tests for smart contact implemented. Well, now its the time to move to client side UI application part to integrate D-App UI with Blockchain via web3.js library and smart contracts.Step 11:Go ahead and replace the code of index.html file in src directory with the one given below.Transport Survey ResultsTransport Survey Results <p class=text-center>Loading your smart contract

Serial NumberTransport MediumPolls<p id=myAddress class=text-center>

Step 12:Go ahead and replace the code of app.js file in src directory with the one given below.App = {web3Provider: null,contracts: {},myAccount: 0x0,init: function() {return App.initWeb3();},initWeb3: function() {if (typeof web3 !== undefined) {App.web3Provider = web3.currentProvider;web3 = new Web3(web3.currentProvider);} else {App.web3Provider = new Web3.providers.HttpProvider(http://localhost:7545);web3 = new Web3(App.web3Provider);}return App.initContract();},initContract: function() {$.getJSON(Survey.json, function(survey) {App.contracts.Survey = der);return App.render();});},render: function() {var surveyExample;var load = $(#loading);var cont = err, account) {if (err === null) {App.myAccount = account;$(#myAddress).html(My Account Number: + account);}});App.contracts.Survey.deployed().then(function(instance) {surveyExample = instance;return surveyExample.transportsCount();}).then(function(transportsCount) {var surveyResults = $(#surveyResults);surveyResults.empty();for (var i = 1; i

We held an AMA with Fantom (FTM) in our public Telegram channel on the 8th of April 2019.FANTOM is the world’s first DAG based smart contract platform that solves the scalability issues of existing public distributed ledger technology. The platform distinguishes itself from the traditional block ledger-based storage infrastructure by employing an improved version of existing DAG-based protocols.The FANTOM platform adopts a new protocol known as Lachesis Protocol to maintain consensus. Applications built on top of the FANTOM OPERA Chain enjoy instant transactions and near zero transaction costs for all users.Here’s what Fantom CIO Michael Kong, Marketing Lead Michael Chen, Core Developer Samuel Marks and Technical Advisor Andre Cronje has to say in the AMA.*Welcome back guys, it’s been a moment since we last spoke. This is part two of our AMA series with Fantom. We initially interviewed them in the lead up to their ICO all the way back in June 2018!Joining us from the Fantom team this time are Michael Kong, Michael Chen, Samuel Marks and Andre Cronje.Let’s get the awkwardness out of the way early on…in our last AMA we were joined by Jake Choi and Joseph Jang, neither of which are here today?Hey everyone, really happy to be here. Been reading up here for a long time and always liked the quality discussion in this group.To elaborate on the new faces you’re seeing today, Joseph was removed earlier this year because he was caught up in controversy, so we at the foundation decided to part ways with him. In regards to Jake Choi, I’ve been pivoting into his role as the marketing lead myself since the beginning of March, and I wanted to take this honor of joining for an AMA in one of my favorite groups in crypto.To elaborate on that, Jake is moving more to an operational level, and maintains good connections with the strategic partners.I head up the Rust, DevOps & related stacks for Fantom, under my open-source software consultancy Offscale.io. Really passionate about: open-source, distributed systems, compilers, translating research, and automating medical diagnostics through CNNs.For added karma I sit opposite Michael Kong in our Sydney office 😄How about the two Michael’s, Michael Chen you’ve had a recent rise up the corporate chain at Fantom, and Michael Kong, you’ve been there from the start. What are you guys up to at Fantom these days?I joined the guys at Fantom last year in April (happy cakeday, one year anniversary) to help them with community management actually.I found them in an early stage, and I was originally planning to purely invest in it, and then Andre Cronje actually got me hooked into the project a bit deeper by showing me some of the sexy technology we’re building and potential use cases back in September or August if I recall correctly.To add, nowadays I’m coordinating the marketing as mentioned earlier.I’ve been working a lot of on the Proof of Stake, On chain governance and the middleware layers more recently. And just generally been solving problems.The Fantom website has changed a bit since the ICO. Several of the advisors who were on the site as part of the raise are no longer there (Steve Bellotti and Ran Ne Nuer to name a few)Can you explain what the arrangement was with these advisors and why they are no longer there?We decided to simplify the web page so the core technical members are displayed there. Just became a bit of a hassle to have everyone there as it became a long page and required constant updating.I’m someone who strictly believes that everyone on the website has to be adding value. I don’t believe in the ‘’stack up your advisory board with faces who don’t do anything’’ philosophy.I took Ran off because he was mostly active during ICO time, and hadn’t been working on Fantom related stuff after it finished. Great guy nonetheless, but a bit unfair towards the other advisors who are putting in 40–60 hrs a week on the website.In regards to Steve, Steve mostly helped with the formation of the company and the financials. That’s been delegated to guys like Bob, and the problem solvers which are Michael Kong and Andre haha.The old website also had quite a few more team members listed (approx 36), mostly from the development side of things. The new website only has 11 team members listed.What’s your current headcount in total and how many active developers do you have working on the project?Headcount is roughly the same, need to check. Michael Kong knows more about the active developers and teams working on the project.Distributed Ledger Teamoffscale.io, sfxdx.comPeter BadenhorstQuan NguyenAnton NeilMiddleware TeamUniversity of Sydney(1 professor, 1 lecturer, 1–2 postdocs, PhDs, Honours studentYonsei University (1 professor, 2 PhD students)You’ve got the king of crypto code in Andre Cronje working on the project these days. When did Andre start working on the project and what has his involvement been?Andre is probably the most hardworking individual I have met. I want to start by boosting his ego and complimenting him because I can’t thank him enough for his work.Andre joined us last year after ICO, because Joseph, our CSO at the time, kept hammering the guy down basically to review our code in person. Management at the time flew him in, and well then there was the problem; Fantom at the time was a pure research project. Andre basically had to come on, kick everyone’s butts, and help coordinate development for a while. He found us new talented developers and team members as well to put things in order.Shortly after putting the development on track, we ran into another problem of the burn rate being too high (huge spend on USELESS marketing firms/PR firms/whatsoever). So Andre pivoted into putting the right people into the right places after that, making sure we uphold strict budgets, and he got us sorted on the bizdev front as well.Tl;dr Andre kicked everyone’s bottoms, amazing guy.He started getting involved in July / August last year and continued to get involved more helping to guide the developers on the initial distributed ledger (which they are working on autonomously now mostly) and is now focusing on promoting and representing the project, and continuing as a technical lead.So is Andre already signed on for the foreseeable future?Elaborating on this, no agreements have been signed yet.Michael Chen, let’s talk about yourself. How does one go from a lowly community manager, all the way up to the dizzying heights of Marketing Manager?First of all Winston, what do you mean with lowly? I’ll have to pick a fight with you after this AMA in PM.I’ve been in the space a bit longer than most of my colleagues from a grassroot perspective. I’m not a developer or a big shot in the corporate world, but I was seriously annoyed and flabbergasted at the lack of understanding of the crypto industry and the lack of understanding for the needs of the community.All these people, who were absolutely amazing in their previous fields, were kinda clueless about what the community wants. We had this huge slump from ICO time till January, and it just sucks when supporters leave the community everyday and call the project a dead shitcoin.I’ve seen it myself with other projects that I was a fan of previously, and I can kinda get where people are coming from. In my opinion the team needed to face the problem instead of trying to delegate marketing to these cashgrabby PR firms and questionable service providers.Andre then suggested that I’d take the reels, because I was just whining a lot without actually proposing solutions. So yeah, thanks to Andre again.Tl;dr I got tired of this alien approach to marketing and communicating with the community. → Andre called me a little twat → Andre asked me to do better.So Michel Chen, at what stage will you be Fantom’s CEO?Don’t tell Michael Kong and Samuel, they’ll snitch on me.Michael Chen is like a politician. You never announce you want the leadership!Being a predominantly Korean project, what has the reception to Fantom been like post raise, in both Korea and around the world?Mixed. People seem to be happier about the team, development and partnership these days but we to work harder to deliver on items such as the mainnet.To add to this, I personally think Fantom would see more love from the Western community initially before we push within Korea.I think a great example of this is Icon, the community was being sold this idea of ‘’KOREAN PROJECT’’ when in fact Icon was only known in the west during ICO and it’s early stages imo.Does this come from the fact that despite being a Korean founded project, your team is so…dare I say…decentralised?Yeah we’re pretty split across the world. Sam and Michael in Sydney with Ashton and his innov labs. Andre in South Africa. Myself in the Netherlands. Sikoba boys are in Luxembourg?Before we get too deep into the Fantom Network, can you outline some specific use cases for Fantom? Why use Fantom over any other blockchain or DAG?Currently Fantom seems to work well with basic transactions (i.e updating account balances) if we can achieve scalability via aBFT which is also secure via Proof of Stake then that will be a tremendous benefit to the community in my opinion.Could be used for simple payments. More complex smart contract execution could also work via EVM, LLVM or other virtual machines such as what University of Sydney and Yonsei University are developing.Closer to mainnet release I’ll go into greater detail here, but to give you a taste of what’s to come: register-based VM written in Rust, as a new backend for LLVMI’ve read you’re developing in Rust, Golang and Java. Why the three pronged approach?Currently we’re experimenting with different scalability techniques. When I joined in August 2018, there was just the Go codebase. For performance and low-level access reasons, Offscale.io initially experimented with C, then C++ before finally settling on Rust. The Java codebase is a research-only one used by one of our staff to experiment with different modes (consensus).Don’t be surprised if the Go & Java codebases are superseded by Rust 😉Which one is the most advanced or you’re the most confident about?(Rust, Golang or Java).Testing will tell us but I think theoretically the rust implementation should be the fastest. It’s also good to have a few different implementations of the distributed ledger like what Ethereum has done.Go has the most advanced consensus implementation, Rust has the most advanced VM and architectural implementations.Here is one concept we are currently discussing, which has somewhat already been built in the Rust codebase.We are also investigating theorem proving, model checking, blackbox testing and other such techniques to award trust to our distributed system design.Will developers have to develop in Rust or Go if they want to develop a dApp on Fantom? Or they will be able to use any language?LLVM opens up a world of language possibilities, and translation of code between ecosystems (blockchain and regular).Also it’s important not to think too small here. LLVM is the real deal. C++, Rust, Scala, D, and more. Migrating traditional applications to the blockchain becomes not only possible, but efficient.What tools are you providing developers that enable them to build on Fantom? API, SDK? How does this relate to what Samuel was taking about with LLVM and moving traditional apps over to Fantom?We’ll still need simple example applications, and an SDK to simplify development. It’s still a new design paradigm, even with the possibility of translating traditional applications, it’s more likely people will use traditional language to develop new applications, much like cloud native required the rewriting of most applications.Api’s for dApps. SDKs for VMS. And LLVM and WASM have their own tools. The Ethereum VM supports all their tools. The WASM VM supports all WASM tools and the dApps have their own layers.Have you thought to offer a complete package according to the as-a-service paradigm? Fantom platform as core service which enables other services available in your ecosystem, i.e. Fantom Pay and others …Yes we will build tools to assist development. Like how Ethereum has tools such as Truffle etc…As Michael suggests, we’ve been working on IDE integration — including Language Server — and a web IDE, among other things to ease the barrier to entry (like estimating the cost of running a smart contract).Has Fantom had any interest from existing or upcoming dApps wanting to build on top of the chain?Yes we have existing and potential partners who are looking to build a number of dApps.Any particular markets they are targeting eg gambling, gaming etc?Are features like privacy options, an ID system and interoperability being considered?Haven’t focused much on privacy-preseving tools at the moment. Interoperability we have looked into DCRM as proposed by Fusion, but we will probably look into it more after mainnet.And yes to ID system as well. Looking to integrate the UAE pass currently.I just looked up what that was (UAE pass), were there any issues, permissions, legal or otherwise to implement that?So we’re talking semi to big picture stuff here in regards to tools to adoption and getting people using the platform, but can I dial it back a bit and talk about scale.I know you’re just in testnet at the moment and running a few fixed use cases, but how many transactions are being processed on testnet daily? What are you looking to scale up to in an ideal world?Using the Go codebase, with 65 nodes on a single laptop, we achieve 73k consensus to atropos, sorting the events gets us to finality with 12k TPS on 39 nodes.Expect greater performance and guaranteed reliability once theorem proving, model checking, blackbox testing and other such techniques to award trust to our distributed system design have been worked through.So from my understanding, being a DAG that TPS will scale up as more nodes join the network?More nodes = potential for more transactions per second, but there is a trade off leading to an increase in the time to finality. The challenge is to increase TPS while maintaining a low TTF.Somewhat, although we’re still working out the staking specifics to incentive higher performance hardware and what I said earlier still applies —It depends on the hyperparamters, but generally yes, as we are still n dependent so a larger n in a 2n/3 + 1 would still be significant.So that brings us to a point everyone I’m sure is interested to talk about. Staking…Do you want to hear marketing and spicy hype mechanics, or the proper technical thing?Both of course! Sell the dream and give us the reality!Well yeah the dream is decentralization, anyone can come in and run a node as long as they have the necessary tokens as a stake. It’s not like a couple ‘’Crypto Bros’’ come together and decide to run the network, the people and the community can say hey I buy some cool hardware and start running a node with my tokens.Do we know how much time tokens need to be locked for to be eligible for a validator node?Under the current specification you just need to stake at least 3.175m tokens at a minimum consistently.How many validator nodes will the Fantom Foundation be running and will they always keep these or will they be slowly transitioned to ‘community nodes’?How many tokens have been set aside for block rewards once mainnet is released?Minimum 30% of total supply set aside for block rewards over 4 years. There are validator nodes (who participate in consensus) and listening nodes (who can submit transactions to the network but don’t contribute to consensus).We are aiming to allowing people to delegate their stakes via apps as well.Have you been acquiring more tokens from the secondary market to support future block rewards? Or you already hold these tokens?I’m just looking at this breakdown of token supply from the whitepaper and wondering where those tokens are coming from?They comes from outside the token sale. We already have enough unminted tokens which will be available on the mainnet for block rewards.Adding the transparency flavor, we bought them back from the market.What features or benefits does Fantom Pay have compared with other crypto payment apps?If we can get it to work on the distributed ledger than —What timeline do you have for a full working release of Fantom Pay?I’ve seen Q4 2019 on the roadmaps we’ve sent in for application forms. But I think there are moving factors in there and I’m not sure what Andre Cronje and Michael Kong think about the Fantom Pay roadmap.Is Fantom pay purely C2C or you will also be targeting onboarding merchants?Will Fantom Pay be able to store offline data? Such as digital coupons, loyalty points and other (much more interesting) collectables?Any developer building an application can decide what they want to be on-chain and off-chain we can’t control that.You’ve mentioned using the Fantom Pay wallet to allow users to access up to $1000 worth of “credit”. How will this actually work in practice? Surely you’ll need to be partnered with a credit provider?To deal with fiat currency you need to use an existing provider or have your own license as it’s regulated. With cryptocurrency transfers you do not need such a license Peer-to-peer (but I am not a lawyer).Outside of Fantom Pay what is currently being built on top of the Fantom Network?A variety of ecosystem tools, but mainly we are focused on delivering the mainnet that is secure and works.Does Fantom have any crypto partnerships or are you going it alone?Fusion DCRM is cool, so that’s one thing we will likely look into deeply and tap into in the future.On the other hand there’s Terra, that’s pretty much ‘’hey let’s use each others payment apps in the future, IDK yet though’’.There’s a few others I’m not sure if they are signed or if we’re doing something with, So TBH if we’re not doing anything with those or if not signed I’m not going to waste space in this chat with that.How many of the VC’s who invested in Fantom are still actively involved in the project? What type of support are they providing?Honestly speaking, some of the VC’s didn’t move a single token and keep providing us big added value such as one of them that wants to open a staking farm that supports Fantom staking as a serviceOther VC’s just got it over with and left the ecosystem. If you’re asking how many, I think you can count them on 1 or 2 hands.I know Fantom has partnered with the University of Sydney & Binance has recently launched in Australia & helps to focus on education. Could there be a collaboration to educate from both parties in the future?I’d have to ask the Binance guys and Bernhard Scholz from University of Sydney.With smart cities being a focus of Fantom, I am going to assume IoT devices are what we are looking at and this is where that Danfoss partnership comes in?More details will come out soon. We’re integrating turing-complete smart contract engines so theoretically a lot of applications could run on Fantom.Adding the flavor of transparency here. Most of these partnerships still waiting for a mainnet launch, or in an exploratory phase. Not to blow things out of proportion.BitMax is currently one of the more hyped exchanges out there. Can you explain how Fantom got listed on BitMax and how you’ve found the experience so far?TBH Bitmax have been pretty nice to us. I know there was some controversy and all, but no listing fee plus some cool media help is much appreciated.Fantom was recently listed on https://chainx.kr with a KRW pair. Can you give us some insight as to why you chose this exchange and what a KRW pair means for FTM?Free listing. KRW pair. Gives Koreans the chance to partake in the ecosystem for the first time. Nothing beats that really, a free listing.They have some cool guys behind it that are deeply into the marketing stuff for ChainX. I figured it was beneficial.What’s the deal with Binance V-label? Is this Binance endorsing the project?So literally a sign of approval ‘’you guys are good at updating info on Binance Info, and we like your transparency’’With the difficulties of Fantom Pay and the team’s focus on mainnet, what is the next goal after mainnet launches? To revisit Fantom Pay or something else?To build out tools to help people build applications on top of the ledgers for example Javascript.Engage with existing and new partnerships who are looking for a mainnet.Continue research to improve consensus speed and security. Implement additional Proof of Stake and On-chain governance incentive mechanism.Further development the middleware, and look at a few other ideas that could be implemented such as zero-knowledge proof pruning to reduce the data size of the network.There has been a lot of buzz around Fantom of late, mostly from the community and influencers. Can you give us some detail as to what your strategy is here?Well as there is no tangible product in your hands right now, mainnet is not up, I’m trying to bridge the gap between today and mainnet with a strong community drive and interviews/content creation.Let me say it this way…I’ve seen a problem with other communities and projects where they do a great job to start an initial spark, then proceed to drop the ball and forget their community and the projects dies a slow but painful death straight into the shitcoin graveyard.The strategy here is to keep hammering down on the marketing to bridge the time between the usable product (mainnet) and today. With the developers trying to push mainnet to Q2, and with all the guys from YouTube and Twitter that still haven’t reviewed yet, I think it’s safe to say that we’re not going to drop the ball.For those who haven’t seen the latest wave of reviews and AMA’s Fantom have done, can you give us a few you’d recommend to check out?Chico Crypto: that video was really high quality. Loved it.The other one would be OhHeyMatty’s 2 hour livestream with Andre (hey this AMA is also nearing 2 hours hehe).Those two rundown anything you should know. Any kind of mistake we’ve made, controversy or whatsoever is discussed in the OhHeyMatty video.It’s a long and rocky road and mistakes have been made. Let’s not make the same mistakes again and just be as transparent and honest as we possibly can.I mean I do notice that there is always a small inclination towards the old ways of fluffing things up. As soon as I see that I just slap it down and say ‘’NO’’.So we’re still working on making sure we don’t go back to the old habits lol.So…when mainnet? How confident are you on a timely release etc?Mainnet is scheduled for Q3 2019. I always like to under promise and over deliver.Michael Kong and Samuel Marks mentioned that they’re pushing for Q2.No promises, under promise and over deliver is the way to go. So promising you guys Q3 for now.With Andre being in Dubai for talks, were some of those talks about smart city implementation using Fantom?Is there any one area you are targeting for Fantom?We’re targeting all four (Dubai Korea Australia and South Africa) mostly because we have connections in those areas.What your marketing plan is moving forward? Will we see more of the same regular and honest communication as we have from Fantom since you took over the role?No, from now on only dishonest and irregular communication 😂Seriously speaking, yeah honesty is key. People get more angry from dishonesty than saying things as they are…I simply don’t see the point of fluffing shit up.I know that when I entered the space and invested I freaking hated getting hustled on and being lied to as well… Not sure why we should ever be doing that. So yeah more honesty, and for marketing we shouldn’t drop the ball and keep up the pace.I mean at this pace of development marketing just needs to keep the eyes on the ball for like a couple months to bridge the gap to mainnet.I assume you have a comprehensive marketing plan for mainnet planned? And this latest push is just a taste of whats to come?I also sincerely believe we need to put in place a Vitalik ( so to say), a developer as the face, instead of having a public person like me who is not a developer. If you’re building a competitor to Ethereum instead of a competitor to Tron you should have a Vitalik and not a Justin Sun competitor on your front.Yeah honestly is just the best policy. I tell you the good and the bad of how the project is going.Speaking of mistakes made by ICO’s, its been ages since you’ve raised now, how has Fantom managed their treasury since raising, what is your monthly burn rate and how long is your current runway?We managed that treasury really badly until Andre came in and kicked everyone’s bottoms. Unnecessary spend on big marketing firms that were absolutely USELESS and crazy PR costs. He put in tight budgets and now we have a solid 2 years of runway, which is why I think he’s a better CFO than developer lol.To follow up on that, we have a dedicated financial team that also makes the payments now, but TBHwe need someone full time on that treasury because Andre has better things to do in my opinion.So does that dedicated financial team include creating any revenue projections for Fantom?Do you have any projections as to when you first generate some or is that a mainnet first kind of thing?Mainnet first kinda thing. Unless someone decides to pay us for a pilot which would be wonderful.Have you had to liquidate any team/foundation tokens for operational costs?Team tokens are going to Siksin and Dr Ahn. I for example do not receive a single penny of FTM from the foundation, and therefore we can’t liquidate it for the foundation.Foundation tokens, no we aren’t liquidating those, we actually bought more tokens for staking/block rewards.The team tokens are vested over 24 months by the way.Have you released how many tokens you have brought back?More than 30% is in block rewards. So I assume a large part of that.Which country was the Fantom Foundation founded in?Everyone came together in Australia and Korea initially to discuss the project, but the company is in Cayman’s because no other jurisdiction makes as much sense from a point of regulation and stability.Ok that makes sense. Fantom hasn’t sent you to head office on the beaches of the Cayman’s yet then?I haven’t been outside in 7 days. I barely know what’s outside of my room.Okay that’s a lie, I went outside yesterday with Ivan from LTO Network (planning our upcoming Fantom meetup with LTO), but other 6 days I was inside.But elaborating on Cayman, basically every project settles in either BVI/Cayman/Gibraltar/Seychelles because it makes sense when you’re building something decentralized for the people, that you don’t want some regulator peeking over to say ‘’hey no we’re going to regulate your decentralized network’’.Before we sign off from this AMA, can you drop on us some of your favourite Fantom memes?Thanks to Michael Chen, Michael Kong, Samuel Marks and Andre Cronje for joining us tonight, we looked forward to catching up again closer to mainnet!Let’s do a 4 hour AMA at mainnet. Will bring 4 more team members. They get longer every time we do them sir!Website: https://fantom.foundationTelegram: https://t.me/Fantom_EnglishMedium: https://medium.com/fantomfoundationGithub: https://github.com/Fantom-FoundationWhitepaper: fWebsite: https://wolfcrypto.net/Public Group: https://t.me/WolfCryptoPubNews Channel: https://t.me/WolfCryptoAnnounceBlockchain Project Reviews: https://t.me/WolfCryptoICOTwitter: https://twitter.com/WolfCryptoGroupWolf Crypto is a place for ETH & BTC TA, ICO discussion, altcoin roulette & memes.